artikel etika profesi akuntansi

ARTIKEL ETIKA PROFESI AKUNTANSI Nama : ahmad taufik NPM : 23209009* Kelas : 4EB03 Dosen : - Etika merupakan suatu ilmu yang membahas perbuatan baik dan buruk manusia sejauh yang dapat dipahami oleh pikiran manusia. Dan etika profesi terdapat suatu kesadaran yang kuat untuk mengindahkan etika profesi pada saat mereka ingin memberikan jasa keahlian profesi kepada masyarakat yang memerlukan. Tujuan profesi akuntansi adalah memenuhi tanggung-jawabnya dengan standar profesionalisme tertinggi, mencapai tingkat kinerja tertinggi, dengan orientasi kepada kepentingan publik. *Profesi Akuntansi Luar Negeri* Profesi CFA ** Perkembangan yang pesat dari investasi dan keuangan di dunia membutuhkan suatu standar untuk investor dan pemilik perusahaan untuk merekrut profesional dalam bidang investasi dan keuangan. Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA®) adalah sertifikasi profesi paling terkemuka untuk profesional yang bekerja di bidang keuangan dan investasi. Di Amerika Serikat, memiliki sertifikasi profesi CFA merupakan pencapaian yang sangat tinggi karena material yang diujikan sangat dalam dan praktis dibandingkan dengan gelar lainnya. *Persyaratan CFA* CFA pertama kali diberikan pada tahun 1963. CFA didukung oleh CFA Institute yang memberikan gelar sertifikasi profesi ini untuk profesional di bidang investasi yang memenuhi kriteria sebagai berikut:** 1. Profesi ("profession") Pemegang gelar sertifikasi CFA harus memiliki pengalaman profesional sekurang-kurangnya empat tahun dalam industri proses pengambilan keputusan di bidang investasi. 2.Pendidikan ("education") Secara berurutan menyelesaikan ujian Level I, Level II, dan Level III (masing-masing selama 6 jam). 3. Etika ("ethics") Pemegang gelar sertifikasi CFA harus setuju dan terikat oleh kode etik yang atur oleh CFA Institute dan standar profesi yang dilaksanakan. *Keunggulan CFA* CFA merupakan gelar profesi dengan standar tertinggi untuk pengetahuan, integritas, dan profesionalisme di bidang investasi dan keuangan. Dengan pengakuan dunia untuk kualifikasi kemampuan ini akan memberikan imbalan yang tinggi sebagai penghargaan dari level yang dalam untuk pengetahuan yang dimiliki oleh pemegang gelar ini di bidang pasar keuangan. Pemegang CFA memiliki kemampuan untuk menganalisa sekuritas, obligasi, derivatif, dan rasio laporan keuangan secara efektif. Organisasi yang membutuhkan pemegang CFA adalah manajemen investasi, konsultan, bank, asuransi, pensiun, dan institusi keuangan lainnnya. Kebutuhan dari pemegang CFA sangat tinggi karena hanya ada kurang dari 60 orang diIndonesia yang memegang gelar profesi CFA. Di Indonesia, terdapat peningkatan perusahaan multinasional dan lokal yang membutuhkan calon pekerjanya yang memenuhi kualifikasi sebagai CFA. *Program CFA* * Dibagi menjadi 3 (tiga) tingkatan * Setiap tingkat hanya boleh diambil setahun sekali, kecuali level 1 (pertengahan tahun) diselenggarakan 1 tahun dua kali (tengah dan akhir tahun) * Pada setiap tingkat terdapat pelajaran Etika dan Standar Profesi *Materi CFA* Level 1 Fokus pada perangkat dan konsep penilaian investasi ("investment valuation") dan manajemen portofolio, Konsep dasar peraturan pasar modal dan Kode Etik,** • Ethical and Professional Standards: 10% • Economics: 10% • Quantitative Analysis: 10% • Asset Valuation: 35% • Equity Investments – Securities Market • Equity Investments – Industry and Company Analysis Fixed Income • Investments Derivative Investments Alternative Investments • Financial Statement Analyst: 20% • Portfolio Management: 15% Semua soal ujian berbentuk "multiple choice" Persiapan CFA Level 1 Tiap tingkat CFA Program memerlukan 250 jam persiapan, Pendaftar ujian akan mendapat "Study Guide". "Study Guide"berisi daftar materi yang perlu dipelajari dan hasil yang diharapkan (learning outcomes) serta usulan persiapan ujian. Level 2 Fokus pada penilaian asset ("investment valuation"), Aplikasi dari perangkat dan konsep yang didapat dari level 1, Analisa instrumen ekuitas dan instrumen pendapatan tetap yang spesifik, Membandingkan alternatif investasi dan membuat rekomendasi investasi. Bentuk soal : "item sets". Level 3 Fokus pada manajemen portofolio, Aplikasi konsep yang dipelajari dari level 1 dan 2 yang berhubungan dengan proses manajemen portofolio. Bentuk soal : "essays" dan "item sets". *Contoh Soal CFA Level 1* *Corporate Finance* An analyst determines that a company has a return on equity of 16 percent and pays 40 percent of its earnings in dividends. If the firm last paid a $1.50 dividend and the stock is selling for $40, what is the required rate of return on the stock? A. 6.4%. B. 9.6%. C. 10.2%. D. 13.7%. Answer : D g = ( 1 – payout)(ROE) = (1 – 0.40)(16%) = 9.6%. P0 = $1.50(1.096) + 0.096 = 13.7%. $40 *Equity Investments* An analyst wants to determine a country risk premium for use in estimating the required return for foreign stocks. Which of the following risks would the analyst be least likely to include in the country risk premium? A. Default risk. B. Political risk. C. Business risk. D. Liquidity risk. Answer : A The risk premium will be a function of business risk, financial risk, liquidity risk, exchange rate risk, and country (political risk). Stocks do not involve default risk. *Fixed Income Investments* Which of the following statements about different types of bonds is FALSE? A. Municipal bonds are traded primarily on the New York Stock Exchange. B. Unlimited tax general obligation bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the issuer’s entire taxing power. C. Government-sponsored enterprises issues securities directly in the marketplace, but federally-related institutions generally do not. D. Government agency issues of federally-related institutions are typically backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Answer : A Municipal bonds are traded in the over-the-counter market supported by municipal bond dealers across the country. *Derivative Investments* Which of the following best describes an option that gives the owner the right to sell 100 shares of stock only on the expiration date three months from now at a strike price of $35 (the current stock price is $25)? This option is called on: A. in-the-money American put option B. in-the-money European put option C. out-of-the-money European call option D. out-of-the-money American call option Answer : B European options can only be exercised at expiration. A put option gives the owner the right to sell the underlying asset. Put options are in-the-money when the strike price is above the underlying asset price. In this case, the option is in-the-money by $35 - $25 = $10. *Profesi CIA® *** Internal Audit adalah proses penilaian independen yang diadakan oleh sebuah organisasi untuk memastikan dan mengevaluasi apakah operasional organisasinya telah berjalan sesuai dengan rencana. Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) merupakan satu-satunya sertifikasi bidang internal audit yang diakui secara internasional. Sertifikasi yang dikeluarkan oleh The Institute of Internal Auditors (The IIA) ini telah berkembang dan dijadikan sebagai pengakuan atas integritas, professionalisme dan kompetensi pemegangnya di bidang internal audit. Orang yang memiliki sertfikasi CIA akan mendapat pengakuan yang tinggi karena sejauh ini program CIA terkenal memiliki standar pengetahuan, integritas dan profesionalisme yang tinggi pula. Ujian CIA dirancang untuk mengukur kompetensi teknis dasar dari internal auditor, antara lain: * Pengetahuan teknis dan aplikasi dari pengetahuan tersebut; * Pemahaman tanggung jawab profesional; * Latihan terhadap keputusan yang baik. ** *Materi yang diujikan dalam Ujian CIA meliputi*: *Part I: Internal Audit Role : Governance, Risk, Control* Standards and Profiency*, *Charter, independence, and objectivity*,*Internal Audit Role I*, *Internal Audit Role II*, *Control I*, *Control II*, *Planning & Supervising the Engagement*,*Managing the Internal Audit Activity I*, *Managing the Internal Audit Activity II*, *Engagement Procedures, Data Gathering Techniques.** *Part 2: Conducting the Internal Audit Engagement* Audit Evidence, Engagement Information, Audit Working Papers, Communicating Results and Monitoring Progress, Specific Engagements, Information Technology Audit Engagement I, Information Technology Audit Engagement II, Statistic and Sampling, Other Engagement Tools, Ethnics, Fraud. *Part 3: Business Analysis and Information Technology* Business Performance, Managing Resources & Pricing, Financial Accounting Basic Concepts, Financial Accounting Assets, Liabilities, and Equity, Financial Accounting – Special Topics, Finance, Managerial Accounting, Regulatory, Legal & Economics Issues, Information Technology I, Information Technology II, Information Technology III. *Part 4: Business Management Skills* Structural Analysis and Strategies, Industry and Market Analysis, Industry Environments, Analytical Techniques, Strategic Analysis, Global Business Environments, Motivation & Communication, Organizational Structure & Effectiveness, Managing Groups, Groups Dynamics and Team Building, Influence & Leadership, Time Management, Conflict and Negotiation. *Profesi CPA*** *Ujian Certified Public Accountant (CPA)* merupakan sistem penyaringan yang baku bagi mereka yang akan berpraktik sebagai akuntan publik maupun untuk mereka yang ingin mendapatkan sertifikasi atas kompetensi di bidang akuntansi dengan memperoleh gelar *CPA (Certified Public Accountant).*Khusus untuk profesi Akuntan Publik, departemen Keuangan RepublikIndonesia telah mengeluarkan suatu ketentuan yang mensyaratkan bagi calon Akuntan Publik untuk lulus dari CPA. Keputusan tersebut telah dituangkan dalam Surat Keputusan Menteri Keuangan Republik Indonesia No. 43/KMK.017/1997 tanggal 27 Januari 1997 jo 470/KMK.017/1999 tanggal 4 Oktober 1999.** ** *Profesi Akuntansi Dalam Negeri ("Local")* *Akuntan Publik* Akuntan publik adalah seorang praktisi dan gelar profesional yang diberikan kepada akuntan di Indonesia yang telah mendapatkan izin dari Menteri Keuangan RI untuk memberikan jasa audit umum dan review atas laporan keuangan, audit kinerja dan audit khusus serta jasa dalam bidang non-atestasi lainnya seperti jasa konsultasi, jasa kompilasi, dan jasa-jasa lainnya yang berhubungan dengan akuntansi dan keuangan. Ketentuan mengenai praktek Akuntan di Indonesia diatur dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 1954 yang mensyaratkan bahwa gelar akuntan hanya dapat dipakai oleh mereka yang telah menyelesaikan pendidikannya dari perguruan tinggi dan telah terdaftar pada Departemen keuangan R.I. Untuk dapat menjalankan profesinya sebagai akuntan publik di Indonesia, seorang akuntan harus lulus dalam ujian profesi yang dinamakan Ujian Sertifikasi Akuntan Publik (USAP) dan kepada lulusannya berhak memperoleh sebutan “Bersertifikat Akuntan Publik” (BAP). Sertifikat akan dikeluarkan oleh Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia. Profesi ini dilaksanakan dengan standar yang telah baku yang merujuk Sertifikat Akuntan Publik tersebut merupakan salah satu persyaratan utama untuk mendapatkan izin praktik sebagai Akuntan Publik dari Departemen Keuangan kepada praktek akuntansi di Amerika Serikat sebagai negara maju tempat profesi ini berkembang. Rujukan utama adalah US GAAP (United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principle’s) dalam melaksanakan praktek akuntansi. Sedangkan untuk praktek auditing digunakan US GAAS (United States Generally Accepted Auditing Standard), Berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip ini para Akuntan Publik melaksanakan tugas mereka, antara lain mengaudit Laporan Keuangan para pelanggan. Kerangka standar dari USGAAP telah ditetapkan oleh SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) sebuah badan pemerintah quasijudisial independen di Amerika Serikat yang didirikan tahun 1934. Selain SEC, tcrdapat pula AICPA (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants) yang bcrdiri sejak tahun 1945. Sejak tahun 1973, pengembangan standar diambil alih oleh FASB (Financial Accominting Standard Board) yang anggota-angotanya terdiri dari wakil-wakil profesi akuntansi dan pengusaha. *Akuntan Pemerintah* Akuntan yang bekerja sebagai pemeriksa atau auditor untuk pemerintah baik pemerintah daerah maupun pemerintah pusat dan dapat membantu mengadakan pengawasan dalam pengeluaran dana dari masyarakat sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. *Akuntan Pendidik* Akuntan pendidik adalah akuntan yang bertugas dalam pendidikan akuntansi yaitu mengajar, menyusun kurikulum pendidikan akuntansi dan melakukan penelitian dibidang akuntansi. *Akuntan Manajemen/Perusahaan* Akuntan Manajemen, adalah akuntan yang bekerja dalam suatu perusahaan atau organisasi. Tugas yang dikerjakan adalah penyusunan sistem akuntansi, penyusunan laporan akuntansi kepada pihak intern maupun ekstern perusahaan, penyusunan anggaran, menangani masalah perpajakan dan melakukan pemeriksaan intern.

8 etik & pengenertiannya,

tugas softskill 8prinsip etik & pengertiany 1. Tanggung Jawab profesi Dalam melaksanakan tanggung jawabnya sebagai profesional, setiap anggota harus senantiasa menggunakan pertimbangan moral dan profesional dalam semua kegiatan yang dilakukannya. Sebagai profesional, anggota mempunyai peran penting dalam masyarakat. Sejalan dengan peran tersebut, anggota mempunyai tanggung jawab kepada semua pemakai jasa profesional mereka. Anggota juga harus selalu bertanggungjawab untuk bekerja sama dengan sesama anggota untuk mengembangkan profesi akuntansi, memelihara kepercayaan masyarakat dan menjalankan tanggung jawab profesi dalam mengatur dirinya sendiri. Usaha kolektif semua anggota diperlukan untuk memelihara dan meningkatkan tradisi profesi. 2. Kepentingan Publik Setiap anggota berkewajiban untuk senantiasa bertindak dalam kerangka pelayanan kepada publik, menghormati kepercayaan publik, dan menunjukan komitmen atas profesionalisme. Satu ciri utama dari suatu profesi adalah penerimaan tanggung jawab kepada publik. Profesi akuntan memegang peran yang penting di masyarakat, dimana publik dari profesi akuntan yang terdiri dari klien, pemberi kredit, pemerintah, pemberi kerja, pegawai, investor, dunia bisnis dan keuangan, dan pihak lainnya bergantung kepada obyektivitas dan integritas akuntan dalam memelihara berjalannya fungsi bisnis secara tertib. Ketergantungan ini menimbulkan tanggung jawab akuntan terhadap kepentingan publik. Kepentingan publik didefinisikan sebagai kepentingan masyarakat dan institusi yang dilayani anggota secara keseluruhan. Ketergantungan ini menyebabkan sikap dan tingkah laku akuntan dalam menyediakan jasanya mempengaruhi kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat dan negara. Kepentingan utama profesi akuntan adalah untuk membuat pemakai jasa akuntan paham bahwa jasa akuntan dilakukan dengan tingkat prestasi tertinggi sesuai dengan persyaratan etika yang diperlukan untuk mencapai tingkat prestasi tersebut. Dan semua anggota mengikat dirinya untuk menghormati kepercayaan publik. Atas kepercayaan yang diberikan publik kepadanya, anggota harus secara terus menerus menunjukkan dedikasi mereka untuk mencapai profesionalisme yang tinggi. Untuk memelihara dan meningkatkan kepercayaan publik, setiap anggota harus memenuhi tanggung jawab profesionalnya dengan integritas setinggi mungkin. 3. Integritas Integritas adalah suatu elemen karakter yang mendasari timbulnya pengakuan profesional. Integritas merupakan kualitas yang melandasi kepercayaan publik dan merupakan patokan (benchmark) bagi anggota dalam menguji keputusan yang diambilnya. Integritas mengharuskan seorang anggota untuk, antara lain, bersikap jujur dan berterus terang tanpa harus mengorbankan rahasia penerima jasa. Pelayanan dan kepercayaan publik tidak boleh dikalahkan oleh keuntungan pribadi. Integritas dapat menerima kesalahan yang tidak disengaja dan perbedaan pendapat yang jujur, tetapi tidak menerima kecurangan atau peniadaan prinsip. 4. Obyektivitas Setiap anggota harus menjaga obyektivitasnya dan bebas dari benturan kepentingan dalam pemenuhan kewajiban profesionalnya. Obyektivitasnya adalah suatu kualitas yang memberikan nilai atas jasa yang diberikan anggota. Prinsip obyektivitas mengharuskan anggota bersikap adil, tidak memihak, jujur secara intelektual, tidak berprasangka atau bias, serta bebas dari benturan kepentingan atau dibawah pengaruh pihak lain. Anggota bekerja dalam berbagai kapasitas yang berbeda dan harus menunjukkan obyektivitas mereka dalam berbagai situasi. Anggota dalam praktek publik memberikan jasa atestasi, perpajakan, serta konsultasi manajemen. Anggota yang lain menyiapkan laporan keuangan sebagai seorang bawahan, melakukan jasa audit internal dan bekerja dalam kapasitas keuangan dan manajemennya di industri, pendidikan, dan pemerintah. Mereka juga mendidik dan melatih orang orang yang ingin masuk kedalam profesi. Apapun jasa dan kapasitasnya, anggota harus melindungi integritas pekerjaannya dan memelihara obyektivitas. 5. Kompetensi dan Kehati-hatian Profesional Setiap anggota harus melaksanakan jasa profesionalnya dengan berhati-hati, kompetensi dan ketekunan, serta mempunyai kewajiban untuk mempertahankan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan profesional pada tingkat yang diperlukan untuk memastikan bahwa klien atau pemberi kerja memperoleh manfaat dari jasa profesional dan teknik yang paling mutakhir. Hal ini mengandung arti bahwa anggota mempunyai kewajiban untuk melaksanakan jasa profesional dengan sebaik-baiknya sesuai dengan kemampuannya, demi kepentingan pengguna jasa dan konsisten dengan tanggung jawab profesi kepada publik. Kompetensi diperoleh melalui pendidikan dan pengalaman. Anggota seharusnya tidak menggambarkan dirinya memiliki keahlian atau pengalaman yang tidak mereka miliki. Kompetensi menunjukkan terdapatnya pencapaian dan pemeliharaan suatu tingkat pemahaman dan pengetahuan yang memungkinkan seorang anggota untuk memberikan jasa dengan kemudahan dan kecerdikan. Dalam hal penugasan profesional melebihi kompetensi anggota atau perusahaan, anggota wajib melakukan konsultasi atau menyerahkan klien kepada pihak lain yang lebih kompeten. Setiap anggota bertanggung jawab untuk menentukan kompetensi masing masing atau menilai apakah pendidikan, pedoman dan pertimbangan yang diperlukan memadai untuk bertanggung jawab yang harus dipenuhinya. 6. Kerahasiaan Setiap anggota harus menghormati kerahasiaan informasi yang diperoleh selama melakukan jasa profesional dan tidak boleh memakai atau mengungkapkan informasi tersebut tanpa persetujuan, kecuali bila ada hak atau kewajiban profesional atau hukum untuk mengungkapkannya. Kepentingan umum dan profesi menuntut bahwa standar profesi yang berhubungan dengan kerahasiaan didefinisikan bahwa terdapat panduan mengenai sifat sifat dan luas kewajiban kerahasiaan serta mengenai berbagai keadaan di mana informasi yang diperoleh selama melakukan jasa profesional dapat atau perlu diungkapkan. Anggota mempunyai kewajiban untuk menghormati kerahasiaan informasi tentang klien atau pemberi kerja yang diperoleh melalui jasa profesional yang diberikannya. Kewajiban kerahasiaan berlanjut bahkan setelah hubungan antar anggota dan klien atau pemberi jasa berakhir. 7. Perilaku Profesional Setiap anggota harus berperilaku yang konsisten dengan reputasi profesi yang baik dan menjauhi tindakan yang dapat mendiskreditkan profesi. Kewajiban untuk menjauhi tingkah laku yang dapat mendiskreditkan profesi harus dipenuhi oleh anggota sebagai perwujudan tanggung jawabnya kepada penerima jasa, pihak ketiga, anggota yang lain, staf, pemberi kerja dan masyarakat umum. 8. Standar Teknis Setiap anggota harus melaksanakan jasa profesionalnya sesuai dengan standar teknis dan standar profesional yang relevan. Sesuai dengan keahliannya dan dengan berhati-hati, anggota mempunyai kewajiban untuk melaksanakan penugasan dari penerima jasa selama penugasan tersebut sejalan dengan prinsip integritas dan obyektivitas. Standar teknis dan standar professional yang harus ditaati anggota adalah standar yang dikeluarkan oleh Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia. Internasional Federation of Accountants, badan pengatur, dan pengaturan perundang-undangan yang relevan.

Wedang Jahe Bang Toyib

Mungkin tak asing bagi anda mendengar makanan yang satu ini, makanan manis dengan taburan keju yang gurih, pas sekali di santap bareng keluarga, teman dan pacar. Warung lesehan ini berdiri pada tahun 2006 di depan kantor PDAM jl Raya Pemda Cibinong. Biasanya warung wedang jahe bang Toyib ini buka dari sore hingga malam hari. Selain berada di depan kantor PDAM Jl Raya Pemda Cibinong, Warung Wedang jahe bang Toyib juga berada di beberapa tempat yang berlokasi di cibinong KAB.Bogor. selain di depan PDAM WEDANG JAHE BANG TOYIB juga sudah membuka cabang didaerah kab.bogor seperti : depan ruko graha cibinong jlraya bogor dr arah jakarta sebelah kiri jalan , di depan SPBU PEMDA CIBINONG juga ada , DI JALUR LAMBAT ARAH SENTUL SEBELAH KANAN ada juga & terakhr di jl.raya bogor menuju bogor sebelah kanan jalan deretan RS.FMC ciluar. Begitu pula dengan pisang keju bang Toyib yang sudah terkenal kelezatannya di Bogor, harga yang pas dikantong sekaligus tempat yang strategis sangat disukai pengunjung. Harga perporsi pisang keju bang Toyib berkisar Rp.6000, harga tersebut sangat terjangkau sekali di kantong pelajar ataupun mahasiswa, terbukti warung lesehan bang Toyib bayak sekali dikunjungi anak muda yang sengaja datang ataupun sekedar kumpul-kumpul bareng temen-temen untuk menyantap pisang keju maupun menu andalan lainnya. Pokoknya murah meriah dan di jamin kenyang...makanannya macam2, yg jd maskotnya sih wedang jahe, banyak jenis makanan yang bisa anda pesan, ada roti bakar, nasi timbel, ceker kriuk sampe ke sate ati macan alias jengkol jg ada & sorabi duren yang bayak digemari pembeli.... makanya buruan deh pada kesana sebelum kehabisan.... 1. ini yg depan PDAM

Tahu Sama Tahu/Polisi/Menghadapi Tilang/Menolak Ajakan Damai Polisi

satu trick untuk menghadapi masalah tilang yg dimana kadang-kadang tidak masuk akal sehat... seperti waktu itu saya kena gara2 tutup pentil motor thunder hilang & sampai ddepok keluar perumahaan kota kembang secara tiba-tiba saya dberhentikan secara mendadak oleh salah satu anggota polisi yg namanya saya lupa. saya berfikir apa salah saya sampai hampir kena tilang.?? padahal lampu utama nyala , kenalpot standar & rata2 saya komplit sim A&C ada stnk masih panjang umur pajaknya. saya bertanya & menyangkal panjang lebar malah diomelin tetapi saya minta penjelasan serta minta disebutkan pasal yg menyebutkan bahwa tutup pentil hilang bisa kena tilang.., ekh pakpolnya malahan ngeles sana sini kaya belut ... akhrnya pakpol menyerah & saya disuruh beli tutup pentil ban lalu saya bebas dr tilank polisi dah... heeee ini trick selengkapnya GANN,,,, Menurut Undang -undang lalu lintas dan angkutan jalan Nomor 22 tahun 2009 Ketentuan pidana menurut undang -undang terbaru diatur pada pasal 217 -317 yang ancamannya dan dendanya berbeda sesuai dengan pelanggarannya .Pengamatan sebagai bhayangkara yang sudah pernah melakukan operasi penegakan hukum di bidang lalu lintas yang bersifat di tempat(stationer) atau bergerak (dinamis) menggunakan kendaraan bermotor untuk mencari pelanggar lalu-lintas.petugas sudah mempunyai feeling (intuisi) dengan melihat pengendara kendaraan bermotor apakah pengendara mempunyai surat-surat atau kelengkapan kendaraan yang lengkap . Ada contoh cerita yang menarik saat melakukan operasi penegakan hukum lalu lintas yang merupakan trik dari pelanggar lalu lintas yang menaiki kendaraan roda dua. Di suatu hari Satuan Lalu lintas sedang melakukan operasi pemeriksaan surat-surat kendaraan bermotor di Jl x .Ada pengendara yang tidak membawa SIM melihat para Polisi langsung dengan cepatnya mencari akal supaya tidak terkena tilang ,Pengendara itu langsung turun pura -pura mengecek ban motornya dengan mengempeskan bannya dan langsung menanyakan kepada petugas,cuplikan beberapa kalimat antara petugas dan pengendara: Pengendara (peng) Selamat siang pak , boleh tau dimana tukang tambal ban ? Polisi (P): (tanpa curiga ) sekitar 100 meter di depan sana mas … Pengendara dengan rasa percaya diri tinggi karena merasa sudah memperdayai petugas membawa motornya dengan mendorong karena alas an bocor ban tetapi karena intuisi dari polisi ada polisi mengamati dari jauh ternyata pengendara motor itu langsung naik berusaha untuk kabur tetapi akhirnya tetap pengendara itu ditilang . Ada juga modus pengendara motor yang karena saking takutnya balik arah tanpa memperhatikan jalan dibelakngnya sehingga terjadi kecelakaan karena ditabrak mobil dibelakangnya . Ada juga pengendara yang maju mundur karena takut melihat itu operasi kepolisian,melihat itu petugas sudah yakin pasti pengendara motor /mobil itu tidak membawa surat lengkap Selain diatas ada kendaraan yang langsung ngebut (supaya tidak kena pemeriksaan )sehingga mau menabrak petugas saya juga pernah hampir mengalami itu . Dari beberapa cara untuk menghindari tilang ada saran supaya tidak kena tilang yaitu 1. lengkapi perlengkapan kendaraan seperti ban cadangan ,segitiga pengaman ,dongkrak dan kotak peralatan pertolongan pertama pada kecelakaan (sesuai pasal 278 uu no 22 tahun 2009) 2. Gunakan Tanda Kendaraan Bermotor (plat Nomor )sesuai dengan yang dikeluarkan oleh Kepolisian (pasal 280 uu no 22 tahun 2009) 3. Jangan menggunakan HP handphone saat mengemudi (pasal 283 uu no uu no 22 tahun 2009) 4. Untuk roda dua lengkapi dengan peralatan teknis dan layak jalan seperti kaca spion ,klakson ,lampu utama ,lampu rem ,lampu penunjuk jalan ,lampu penunjuk arah ,speedo meter ,knalpot (pasal 285 uu no 22 tahun 2009) 5. Bawalah SIM dan STNK yang masih berlaku sesuai dengan jenis kendaraannya (pasal 281 dan 288 uu no 22 tahun 2009) 6. Tetap jaga keselamatan diri dari pengemudi kalau tidak membawa kelngkapan supaya tidak kabur berusaha membahayakan nyawa sendiri dan nyawa petugas ada praktek proses tilang, banyak polisi mengharapkan berdamai, baik secara halus maupun terang-terangan (minta dibantu). Ada beberapa cara untuk menghadapinya. Menolak Berdamai dengan Dasar Hukum Kalau ditilang di jalan sebenarnya ada dua pilihan, form biru dan form merah. Formulir biru adalah menerima kesalahan (artinya tidak perlu berdebat dengan hakim). Dengan form ini bayar denda di BRI yg ditunjuk. Sehabis bayar denda resmi ke BRI, ambil SIM atau STNK yang disita ke kantor Ditlantas setempat Formulir merah artinya anda tidak terima kesalahan yang dituduhkan, dan diberikan kesempatan untuk berdebat atau minta keringanan kepada hakim. Biasanya tanggal sidang adalah maksimum 14 Hari dari tanggal kejadian, tergantung Hari sidang Tilang di PN (Pengadilan Negeri) bersangkutan. Oleh polisi, barang sitaan (SIM dan/atau STNK) akan disetor ke kantor Ditlantas setempat sampai dengan H-1 tanggal sidang. Selama masih di kantor Ditlantas SIM/STNK itu bisa ditebus tanpa sidang ke PN, cukup ke loket yang tadi disebutkan, serahkan form ulir merah, bayar dendanya, SIM/STNK kembali ke tangan anda0. H-1 sebelum sidang dan seterusnya, SIM/STNK sudah dikirim ke pengadilan sesuai daerah perkara, jadi harus ditebus di PN masing-masing Menghadiri Sidang banyak alternatif untuk menyelesaikan melalui calo, tetapi biasanya akan lebih mahal daripada kalau menyelesaikan sendiri: Sepanjang jalan menuju pengadilan, +- 50-100 m sebelum pengadilan banyak terdapat 'Calo' jasa pengurus tilang yang sebenarnya tidak memiliki pengaruh atau efek apapun terhadap pengurusan surat yang ditilang apalagi kemudahannya. Keberadaan mereka 'Calo' jangan ditanggapi dan jangan dihargai sama sekali! Karena mereka mudah emosi dan marah. Setibanya di PN, begitu parkir sudah dikerubuti calo. Parkir kendaraan di dalam bangunan pengadilan, ambil tiket parkir pada petugas. Jangan parkir depan tepat dibagian luar pagar pengadilan yg banyak 'Calo' juga tukang parkir 'Preman' yang memaksa dan berkata "ya.. yak..parkir disini.. Disini.. Didalam tidak bisa!" Itu bohong, mereka menggangu saja. Selepas resepsionis calo masih saja akan mendekati anda. Kali ini calo-nya berseragam hijau pegawai negeri. Kata calo tersebut "ibu tunggu aja disini, Rp 65.600,- aja. cepat kok selesainya". Setelah ditunjukkan ruangan sidangnya, anda tunggu hakim datang. Lalu satu persatu, akan dibacakan nama dan kasusnya hakim langsung akan memberikan putusan soal besarnya denda pembelaan diri bisa dilakukan kalau perlu pembayaran langsung dilakukan di ruang sidang dan STNK yang ditahan juga langsung dikembalikan saat itu Selepas sidang ada loket untuk mengambil SIM. Bayar disitu untuk mengambil SIM Anda. Akan dikatakan bahwa biayanya Rp 50.600,- jangan percaya. Langsung sodorkan surat tilang ke salah satu petugas sambil berkata "saya mau ambil berkas ini." Sang petugas memeriksa surat tilang tersebut dan langsung mencari berkas yang diperlukan di tumpukan yang tepat, dan dalam waktu singkat menemukan berkas yang dicari. Langsung SIM tersebut diambil dari berkas itu dan diserahkan kepada anda, dan dia akan berkata "45 ribu". Berikan uang dalam jumlah yang tepat. Cek tabel denda untuk tahu denda yang tepat Kalau tidak ada tabel denda, tawar saja atau minta bulatkan angkanya. Tidak Menghadiri Sidang Kalau anda ingin menghadiri sidang, datanglah sesuai tanggal sidang yang tertera di surat tilang ke PN yg ditunjuk. Tapi ini tidak disarankan karena antriannya luar biasa banyak. Kita tidak akan punya kesempatan bertemu hakim, karena sidangnya sebenarnya IN ABSENTIA, dan banyak sekali CALO yang menawarkan bantuan. Anda disarankan untuk abaikan saja tanggal sidang tersebut, ambil SIM/STNK di hari lain terserah anda, hindari hari sidang tilang supaya tidak terjebak keramaian, dan langsung tuju loket khusus tilang yang ada di masing-masing PN. Tunjukkan formulir merahnya, dalam 5 menit SIM/STNK sudah kembali dengan bayar denda resmi. Sebelumnya cermati berapa denda resminya, supaya tidak dilebihkan oleh petugasnya. Contohnya, anda tahu denda masuk jalur cepat dengan naik motor Rp 15.000, petugasnya berkata Rp 15.600. Dia menambahkan Rp 600 seolah-olah itu perhitungan dengan rumus yang rumit, padahal akal-akalan saja biar ada yang masuk ke kantong dia. Anda berikan uang bulat 15.000, dia akan diam saja Intinya: Jangan takut kalau kena tilang. Jangan sekali-kali damai dengan polisi di jalanan, pilih tilang saja. Jangan percaya kalau ditakuti polisi soal denda 1 juta. Jangan pernah mau kalau polisi menyuruh mengambil SIM di kantor, sepertinya hanya bakal ada cerita tawar-menawar disana. Jangan percaya kalau polisi berkata sidangnya jam 10. (karena loketnya udah buka dari pagi) Mengenai sidang: Jangan takut ikut sidang tilang. (sidangnya sendiri non-existance) Pengadilan itu malah lucu Beli makan di pengadilan mahal Banyak supporter gadungan (teman-teman terdakwa), tidak usah takut dengan mereka Sidang tidak dianjurkan kalau tidak mau sebal Jangan mau pake calo, abaikan calo yang menawarkan bantuan Bayar denda sesuai tarif resmi. Jangan percaya sama pecahan 600. Itu buat memberi kesan bahwa dendanya uang pas. Untuk yang datang terlambat lalu terkejut karena "sidangnya sudah selesai" biasanya akan mendapat "tawaran bantuan" dari pegawai di sana, yang katanya "bisa membantu menyelesaikan". Padahal sebenernya kita bisa menyelesaikan sendiri Menolak Berdamai dengan Nepotisme Saat tawaran damai muncul, tantanglah polisi untuk memberikan data-data dirinya yang lengkap, yaitu nama, kesatuan, resor, dsb. Ambil telepon genggam dan katakan bahwa anda akan menelepon pejabat tinggi kepolisian yang kebetulan adalah paman anda Seharusnya si polisi pada titik ini sudah ketakutan, dan anda dapat melanjutkan dengan prosedur resmi di atas

Tips n Trik Membedakan Spare Part Original Dan KW

ini lah salah satu tips & trick untuk membedakan sperpat asli atau kw super , kw 1 & yg abal-abal... semoga bermanfaat gan

Spare part Murah - Kini toko spare part motor dapat dengan kita jumpai di berbagai daerah hal itu yang berbanding lurus dengan Volume kendaraan roda dua yang terus meningkat secara signifikan, berbagai kualitas part ditawarkan, mulai dari spare part original hingga dengan spare part KW yang dengan harga yang lebih murah, dan biasanya ketika para penjual menawarkan kepada pembeli spare part original dan spare part KW, namun ada berberapa oknum nakal yang sengaja menukar spare part original dengan KW dan dibandrol dengan harga spare original untuk menyakinkan para calon pembeli. Berikut tips ringan seputar menghindari sparepart motor palsu: Hal dasar yang harus anda ketahui bahwa spare part motor terdiri atas tiga kelas yang masing-masing tingkatan menunjukkan kualitas : Pertama adalah spare part motor yang original dengan kualitas bagus biasanya dibandro dengan harga yang mahal. Kedua adalah sparepart motor buatan Jepang dengan kualitas bagus dan harga yang agak murah. Sejumlah praktisi automotif menyatakan spare part jenis ini merupakan supplier dari barang orisinal, hanya mereknya saja yang berbeda. Mengapa harganya sedikit agak murah karena mereknya tidak harus beli. Ketiga adalah spare part lokal di mana komponen ini produk asli dalam negeri yang dibanderol dengan hargamurah, namun kualitasnya pun kurang bagus. Untuk meminimalisasi kerugian akibat salah membeli sparepart motor, konsumen dapat membeli buku spare part, ataubuku pricelist. Namun, untuk pricelist biasanya hanya ada di original part. Memang cara ini dinilai akan membuat konsumen repot, namun tidak ada salahnya mencoba. Secara umum, agar terhindar dari sparepart motor palsu sebaiknya perlu memperhatikan sejumlah hal. Yang paling mudah membedakan antara sparepart motor asli atau palsu dapat dilihat dari kemasannya. Sparepart motor asli biasanya dilabeli stiker hologram, sedangkan sparepart motor palsu biasanya tidak dicantumi stiker hologram. Selain itu, setiap lengkung sparepart motor palsu biasanya terlihat kasar, berbeda dengan spare part asli yang benar-benar mulus.

TIPS MENGISI BBM YG TIDAK MERUGIKAN KITA DARI OKNUM NAKAL SPBU

tips trik Tips Isi Bensin - Benarkah SPBU Kode 31 Milik Pertamina?

Berbagai thread sedang ramai tentang mengisi bensin di Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar Umum (SPBU) agar tak dirugikan. Salah satu caranya dengan memperhatikan kode angka yang tertera di SPBU. Bila diawali dengan dua digit 31, maka resmi dikelola langsung oleh Pertamina sementara lainnya swasta. Thread ini mendapat tantangan dari banyak pihak yang menyebut kabar di atas hanya hoax belaka. Sehingga terjadi polemik di antara netters. Yang mana yang benar? Guna mencari titik terang, saya mencari keterangan dari Pertamina langsung dan inilah jawaban resmi: ADALAH BENAR kode 31 (angka kedua 1) merupakan SPBU yang langsung dikelola oleh Pertamina. Dapat kami informasikan untuk kode SPBU tersebut memang benar untuk angka 31 dimiliki dan di kelola langsung oleh Pertamina. Sedangkan SPBU dengan kode 34 dikelola oleh swasta. Demikian kutipan surat keterangan (bukti tertulis) dari Pertamina. Maka, apakah hanya SPBU tersebut yang pasti jujur, mengisi bensin dengan takaran yang pas? Pertamina telah meluncurkan program "Pasti Pas" beberapa waktu lalu. Harapannya, pom-pom yang mau ikut bekerja sama juga mengembangkan kejujuran. Tentu agak repot bila harus memilih SPBU dengan kode 31, tidak semua wilayah ada. Artinya, harus mencari jauh dan rela antri panjang. Pertamina telah membuka layananan keluhan bagi konsumen yang ingin melaporkan kecurangan pihak SPBU. Kita bisa e-mail ke pcc@pertamina.com misalnya. Jadi, beruntung kalau kamu bisa mendapatkan SPBU kode 31. Tapi kalau tidak, isi di SPBU pengelolaan swasta juga tak masalah. Tak memuaskan tinggal laporkan saja agar ditindak. Apa lagi yang perlu diperhatikan saat mengisi bensin? 1. Meminta kepada petugas SPBU melepas tuas selang dan ditaruh di tangki. Sebenarnya tips ini berlaku pada mesin-mesin pengisian yang baru. Kalau kamu di daerah terpencil dan ada mesin SPBU tua, ya tetap harus ditekan-tekan tuasnya (handle) karena ada gap (ruang hampa) antara cairan bensin dan udara pada mesin.

otomotif.bosmobil.com Tapi umumnya SPBU sekarang memakai mesin baru jadi memang seharusnya seorang petugas pengisian TIDAK BOLEH menekan-nekan handle saat sedang mengisi. Ini bukti kecurangan yang harus ditegur atau dilaporkan pada Pertamina. Catatan: Berbahagialah bagi yang mengisi bensin di Self Service SPBU, alias mengisi sendiri. 2. Selalu isi "full" Tips ini saya dapat dari beberapa petugas SPBU. Salah satunya Eddy (37) di SPBU Soekarno-Hatta, Bandung mengatakan, "Kalau isi bensin jangan sebut berapa liter atau jumlah duitnya. Misalnya 10 liter atau 50 ribu. Tapi bilang saja isi penuh sambil perhatikan mesin penunjuk, bila dirasa sudah sesuai yang kita inginkan langsung bilang stop." Oknum yang curang sering mengakali mesin (selain teknik manual menekan tuas selang). Sehingga akan terjadi selisih saat petugas menekan tombol "harga" atau "liter" dengan takaran murni. Tak heran, mereka sering sibuk "membongkar" mesin bila dapat informasi ada inspeksi dari pihak Pertamina. Atau yang paling parah, bukan mengembalikan mesin ke kondisi yang tepat seperti setting awal, tapi malah membelikan "dompet" pada petugas inspeksi yang nakal. 3. Isi bensin yang baik pagi hari. Bensin belum menguap? Benarkah demikian? Ya pada SPBU-SPBU tua. Namun pada SPBU yang baru, sudah dilengkapi katup khusus untuk meminimalisir penguapan pada tangki pendam. Selain dirancang khusus agar suhu terjaga. Penguapan pasti terjadi, namun sangat-sangat kecil dan tidak berdampak besar pada konsumen. Siapa yang bisa mengira kita butuh bensin hanya pagi hari? Setidaknya ada sisi positif. Mengisi bensi di pagi hari menandakan kita rajin bangun pagi, atau mengamankan stok bensin pada kendaraan sebelum mulai aktifitas. Kalau tips di atas membuat pusing, kenapa tidak kembali bersepeda? Coba bayangkan 100 juta orang di Indonesia naik sepeda, wah segarnya alamku..

WAAAAAWWWWW INAZUMA MENDAPATKAN SAMBUTAN HANGAT DARI BIKERS TANAH AIR

Suzuki GW 250 Mendapatkan Sambutan Hangat Dari Para Bikers Suzuki GW 250 dipasaran roda dua pada tahun 2012 mendapat sambutan hangat dari biker sejati di tanah air termasuk saya heeeee.

Kabar beredarnya GW 250 dipasaran roda dua pada tahun 2012 mendapat sambutan hangat dari biker sejati di tanah air. Motor ini cukup laris di kawasan eropa dan terinspirasi dari sang legenda B-King. Motor ini menyajikan nuansa sport turing yang tangguh dengan tampilan yang garang nampaknya akan mengambil hati para pecinta motor batangan. Motor ini mengarah dan bersaing ketat dengan CBR 250 walaupun modelnya sangat jauh berbeda, tapi bila di tinjau harganya yang diprediksi hampir setara bukan tidak mungkin menjadi rival yang cukup mengancam!!! Suzuki GW 250 memiliki mesin teknologi dua silinder berkapasitas 250cc.

Mesin juga cukup tangguh dengan menggendong teknologi dua silinder berkapasitas 250cc. Urusan tenaga tidak perlu diragukan masbro karena Suzuki mengkalim 26 dk pada kitiran 8.500 Rpm di tambah torsi badak 24 Nm (7.000 Rpm) dijamin akselerasinya maknyossss….. Berat kendaraan sekitar 180 kg .. PT Suzuki Indomobil Sales (SIS) kabarnya hanya menyediakan 300 unit perbulan yang didatangkan secara CBU dari negeri tirai bambu. suzuki gw 250 menyajikan nuansa sport turing yang tangguh dengan tampilan yang garang Spesifikasi: Name:Inazuma 250 Type: Naked Spesifikasi Mesin Displacement:250cc Engine:250cc Maximum Power:26 Bhp @ 8500 rpm Maximum Torque:24.2 Nm @ 7000 rpm Gears:6 Speed Cooling Type:Liquid Cooling Spesifikasi Lain: Berat: 180 kg Battery Type:Maintainance Free Wheel Type:Alloys Warna : Biru, hitam, Abu-abu. suzuki gw 250 mengarah dan bersaing ketat dengan CBR 250

pengertian & devinisi GCG

PENGERTIAN GCG Kata governance berasal dari bahasa Perancis gubernance yang berarti pengendalian. Selanjutnya kata tersebut dipergunakan dalam konteks kegiatan perusahaan atau jenis organisasi yang lain, menjadi coporate governance. Dalam bahasa Indonesia corporate governance diterjemahkan sebagai tata kelola atau tata pemerintahan perusahaan (Sutojo dan Aldridge, 2008). Istilah Good Corporate Governance pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Cadbury Committee di tahun 1992 yang menggunakan istilah tersebut dalam laporan mereka yang kemudian dikenal sebagai Cadbury Report. Laporan ini dipandang sebagai titik balik (turning point) yang sangat menentukan bagi praktik Good Corporate Governance di seluruh dunia. Komite Cadbury, Tjager dan Deny (2005) mendefinisikan Good Corporate Governance, sebagai sistem yang mengarahkan dan mengendalikan perusahaan dengan tujuan, agar mencapai keseimbangan antara kekuatan kewenangan yang diperlukan oleh perusahaan, untuk menjamin kelangsungan eksistensinya dan pertanggungjawaban kepada stakeholders. Hal ini berkaitan dengan peraturan kewenangan pemilik, direktur, manajer, pemegang saham dan sebagainya. Menurut FCGI (2001) pengertian Good Corporate Governance adalah seperangkat peraturan yang mengatur hubungan antara pemegang saham, pengurus (pengelola) perusahaan, pihak kreditur, pemerintah, karyawan serta para pemegang kepentingan intern dan esktern lainnya yang berkaitan dengan hak-hak dan kewajiban mereka atau dengan kata lain suatu sistem yang mengatur dan mengendalikan perusahaan. Menurut Rahmawati (2006) dalam Putri (2006) Good Corporate Governance didefinisikan sebagai seperangkat aturan dan prinsip-prinsip antara lain fairness, transparency, accountability dan responsibility, yang mengatur hubungan antara pemegang saham, manajemen, perusahaan (direksi dan komisaris), kreditur, karyawan serta stakeholders lainnya yang berkaitan dengan hak dan kewajiban masing-masing pihak. Berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Badan Usaha Milik Negara Nomor KEP-117/M-MBU/2002, Good Corporate Governance adalah suatu proses dari struktur yang digunakan oleh organ BUMN untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan usaha dan akuntabilitas perusahaan guna mewujudkan nilai pemegang saham dalam jangka panjang dengan tetap memperhatikan kepentingan stakeholder lainnya, berlandaskan peraturan perundangan dan etika. Pengertian lainnya dikemukakan oleh Coopers et al., (2006) yang menyatakan bahwa Good Corporate Governance terkait dengan pengambilan keputusan yang efektif. Dibangun melalui kultur organisasi, nilai-nilai, sistem, berbagai proses, kebijakan-kebijakan dan struktur organisasi, yang bertujuan untuk mencapai bisnis yang menguntungkan, efisien, dan efektif dalam mengelola resiko dan bertanggung jawab dengan meperhatikan kepentingan stakeholder. SUMBER: Buku Good Corporate Governance karangan siswanto (2008) GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (GCG) A. Definisi Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Sebagai sebuah konsep, GCG ternyata tak memiliki definisi tunggal. Komite Cadburry, misalnya, pada tahun 1992 – melalui apa yang dikenal dengan sebutan Cadburry Report – mengeluarkan definisi tersendiri tentang GCG. Menurut Komite Cadburry, GCG adalah prinsip yang mengarahkan dan mengendalikan perusahaan agar mencapai keseimbangan antara kekuatan serta kewenangan perusahaan dalam memberikan pertanggungjawabannya kepada para shareholders khususnya, dan stakeholders pada umumnya. Tentu saja hal ini dimaksudkan pengaturan kewenangan Direktur, manajer, pemegang saham, dan pihak lain yang berhubungan dengan perkembangan perusahaan di lingkungan tertentu. Sejumlah negara juga mempunyai definisi tersendiri tentang GCG. Beberapa negara mendefinisikannya dengan pengertian yang agak mirip walaupun ada sedikit perbedaan istilah. Kelompok negara maju (OECD), umpamanya mendefinisikan GCG sebagai cara-cara manajemen perusahaan bertanggung jawab pada shareholder-nya. Para pengambil keputusan di perusahaan haruslah dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, dan keputusan tersebut mampu memberikan nilai tambah bagi shareholders lainnya. Karena itu fokus utama di sini terkait dengan proses pengambilan keputusan dari perusahaan yang mengandung nilai-nilai transparency, responsibility, accountability, dan tentu saja fairness. Sementara itu, ADB (Asian Development Bank) menjelaskan bahwa GCG mengandung empat nilai utama yaitu: Accountability, Transparency, Predictability dan Participation. Pengertian lain datang dari Finance Committee on Corporate Governance Malaysia. Menurut lembaga tersebut GCG merupakan suatu proses serta struktur yang digunakan untuk mengarahkan sekaligus mengelola bisnis dan urusan perusahaan ke arah peningkatan pertumbuhan bisnis dan akuntabilitas perusahaan. Adapun tujuan akhirnya adalah menaikkan nilai saham dalam jangka panjang tetapi tetap memperhatikan berbagai kepentingan para stakeholder lainnya. Lantas bagaimana dengan definisi GCG di Indonesia? Di tanah air, secara harfiah, governance kerap diterjemahkan sebagai “pengaturan.” Adapun dalam konteks GCG, governance sering juga disebut “tata pamong”, atau penadbiran – yang terakhir ini, bagi orang awam masih terdengar janggal di telinga. Maklum, istilah itu berasal dari Melayu. Namun tampaknya secara umum di kalangan pebisnis, istilah GCG diartikan tata kelola perusahaan, meskipun masih rancu dengan terminologi manajemen. Masih diperlukan kajian untuk mencari istilah yang tepat dalam bahasan Indonesia yang benar. Dari definisi di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa Good Corporate Governance merupakan: 1. Suatu struktur yang mengatur pola hubungan harmonis tentang peran dewan komisaris, Direksi, Pemegang Saham dan Para Stakeholder lainnya. 2. Suatu sistem pengecekan dan perimbangan kewenangan atas pengendalian perusahaan yang dapat membatasi munculnya dua peluang: pengelolaan yang salah dan penyalahgunaan aset perusahaan. 3. Suatu proses yang transparan atas penentuan tujuan perusahaan, pencapaian, berikut pengukuran kinerjanya. B. Arti penting Good Corporate Governance (GCG) GCG diperlukan untuk mendorong terciptanya pasar yang efisien, transparan dan konsisten dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Penerapan GCG perlu didukung oleh tiga pilar yang saling berhubungan, yaitu negara dan perangkatnya sebagai regulator, dunia usaha sebagai pelaku pasar, dan masyarakat sebagai pengguna produk dan jasa dunia usaha. Prinsip dasar yang harus dilaksanakan oleh masing-masing pilar adalah: 1. Negara dan perangkatnya menciptakan peraturan perundang-undangan yang menunjang iklim usaha yang sehat, efisien dan transparan, melaksanakan peraturan perundang-undangan dan penegakan hukum secara konsisten (consistent law enforcement) . 2. Dunia usaha sebagai pelaku pasar menerapkan GCG sebagai pedoman dasar pelaksanaan usaha. 3. Masyarakat sebagai pengguna produk dan jasa dunia usaha serta pihak yang terkena dampak dari keberadaan perusahaan, menunjukkan kepedulian dan melakukan kontrol sosial (social control) secara obyektif dan bertanggung jawab. Good Corporate Governance (Tata Kelola Perusahaan) adalah suatu subjek yang memiliki banyak aspek. Salah satu topik utama dalam tata kelola perusahaan adalah menyangkut masalah akuntabilitas dan tanggung jawab/ mandat, khususnya implementasi pedoman dan mekanisme untuk memastikan perilaku yang baik dan melindungi kepentingan pemegang saham. Fokus utama lain adalah efisiensi ekonomi yang menyatakan bahwa sistem tata kelola perusahaan harus ditujukan untuk mengoptimalisasi hasil ekonomi, dengan penekanan kuat pada kesejahteraan para pemegang saham. Ada pula sisi lain yang merupakan subjek dari tata kelola perusahaan, seperti sudut pandang pemangku kepentingan, yang menunjuk perhatian dan akuntabilitas lebih terhadap pihak-pihak lain selain pemegang saham, misalnya karyawan atau lingkungan. Sampai saat ini para ahli tetap menghadapi kesulitan dalam mendefinisikan GCG yang dapat mengakomodasikan berbagai kepentingan. Tidak terbentuknya definisi yang akomodatif bagi semua pihak yang berkepentingan dengan GCG disebabkan karena cakupan GCG yang lintas sektoral. Definisi CGC menurut Bank Dunia adalah aturan, standar dan organisasi di bidang ekonomi yang mengatur perilaku pemilik perusahaan, direktur dan manajer serta perincian dan penjabaran tugas dan wewenang serta pertanggungjawabannya kepada investor (pemegang saham dan kreditur). Tujuan utama dari GCG adalah untuk menciptakan sistem pengendaliaan dan keseimbangan (check and balances) untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan dari sumber daya perusahaan dan tetap mendorong terjadinya pertumbuhan perusahaan. Inti dari kebijakan tata kelola perusahaan adalah agar pihak-pihak yang berperan dalam menjalankan perusahaan memahami dan menjalankan fungsi dan peran sesuai wewenang dan tanggung jawab. Pihak yang berperan meliputi pemegang saham, dewan komisaris, komite, direksi, pimpinan unit dan karyawan. Konsep Good Corporate Governance (GCG) adalah konsep yang sudah saatnya diimplementasikan dalam perusahaan-perusahaan yang ada di Indonesia, karena melalui konsep yang menyangkut struktur perseroan, yang terdiri dari unsur-unsur RUPS, direksi dan komisaris dapat terjalin hubungan dan mekanisme kerja, pembagian tugas, kewenangan dan tanggung jawab yang harmonis, baik secara intern maupun ekstern dengan tujuan meningkatkan nilai perusahaan demi kepentingan shareholders dan stakeholders. 1. C. Prinsip-prinsip dalam Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Dalam Undang-undang No 40 Tahun 2007 prinsip-prinsip Good Corporate Governance harus mencerminkan pada hal-hal sebagai berikut : 1. Transparency (Keterbukaan Informasi) Yaitu keterbukaan yang diwajibkan oleh Undang-undang seperti misalnya mengumukan pendirin PT dalam Tambahan Berita Negara Republik Indonesia ataupun Surat Kabar. Serta keterbukaan yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan menyangkut masalah keterbukaan informasi ataupun dalam hal penerapan management keterbukaan, informasi kepemilikan Perseroan yang akurat, jelas dan tepat waktu baik kepada share holders maupun stakeholder. Dalam mewujudkan transparansi ini sendiri, perusahaan harus menyediakan informasi yang cukup, akurat, dan tepat waktu kepada berbagai pihak yang berkepentingan dengan perusahaan tersebut. Setiap perusahaan, diharapkan pula dapat mempublikasikan informasi keuangan serta informasi lainnya yang material dan berdampak signifikan pada kinerja perusahaan secara akurat dan tepat waktu. Selain itu, para investor harus dapat mengakses informasi penting perusahaan secara mudah pada saat diperlukan. Ada banyak manfaat yang bisa dipetik dari penerapan prinsip ini. Salah satunya, stakeholder dapat mengetahui risiko yang mungkin terjadi dalam melakukan transaksi dengan perusahaan. Kemudian, karena adanya informasi kinerja perusahaan yang diungkap secara akurat, tepat waktu, jelas, konsisten, dan dapat diperbandingkan, maka dimungkinkan terjadinya efisiensi pasar. Selanjutnya, jika prinsip transparansi dilaksanakan dengan baik dan tepat, akan dimungkinkan terhindarnya benturan kepentingan (conflict of interest) berbagai pihak dalam manajemen. 1. 2. Accountability (Dapat Dipertanggungjawabkan) 2. 3. Responsibility (Pertanggungjawaban) Adanya keterbukaan informasi dalam bidang financial dalam hal ini ada dua pengendalian yang dilakukan oleh direksi dan komisaris. Direksi menjalankan operasional perusahaan, sedangkan komisaris melakukan pengawasan terhadap jalannya perusahaan oleh Direksi, termasuk pengawasan keuangan. Sehingga sudah sepatutnya dalam suatu perseroan, Komisaris Independent mutlak diperlukan kehadirannya. Sehingga adanya jaminan tersedianya mekanisme, peran dan tanggung jawab jajaran manajemen yang professional atas semua keputusan dan kebijakan yang diambil sehubungan dengan aktivitas operasional perseroan. Pertanggungjawaban perusahaan adalah kesesuaian (patuh) di dalam pengelolaan perusahaan terhadap prinsip korporasi yang sehat serta peraturan perundangan yang berlaku. Peraturan yang berlaku di sini termasuk yang berkaitan dengan masalah pajak, hubungan industrial, perlindungan lingkungan hidup, kesehatan/ keselamatan kerja, standar penggajian, dan persaingan yang sehat. Beberapa contoh mengenai hal ini dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut : • Kebijakan sebuah perusahaan makanan untuk mendapat sertifikat “HALAL”. Ini merupakan bentuk pertanggungjawaban kepada masyarakat. Lewat sertifikat ini, dari sisi konsumen, mereka akan merasa yakin bahwa makanan yang dikonsumsinya itu halal dan tidak merasa dibohongi perusahaan. Dari sisi Pemerintah, perusahaan telah mematuhi peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku (Peraturan Perlindungan Konsumen). Dari sisi perusahaan, kebijakan tersebut akan menjamin loyalitas konsumen sehingga kelangsungan usaha, pertumbuhan, dan kemampuan mencetak laba lebih terjamin, yang pada akhirnya memberi manfaat maksimal bagi pemegang saham. • Kebijakan perusahaan mengelola limbah sebelum dibuang ke tempat umum. Ini juga merupakan pertanggungjawaban kepada publik. Dari sisi masyarakat, kebijakan ini menjamin mereka untuk hidup layak tanpa merasa terancam kesehatannya tercemar. Demikian pula dari sisi Pemerintah, perusahaan memenuhi peraturan perundang-undangan lingkungan hidup. Sebaliknya dari sisi perusahaan, kebijakan tersebut merupakan bentuk jaminan kelangsungan usaha karena akan mendapat dukungan pengamanan dari masyarakat sekitar lingkungan. 1. 4. Fairness (Kewajaran) Secara sederhana kewajaran (fairness) bisa didefinisikan sebagai perlakuan yang adil dan setara di dalam memenuhi hak-hak stakeholder yang timbul berdasarkan perjanjian serta peraturan perundangan yang berlaku. Fairness juga mencakup adanya kejelasan hak-hak pemodal, sistem hukum dan penegakan peraturan untuk melindungi hak-hak investor – khususnya pemegang saham minoritas – dari berbagai bentuk kecurangan. Bentuk kecurangan ini bisa berupa insider trading (transaksi yang melibatkan informasi orang dalam), fraud (penipuan), dilusi saham (nilai perusahaan berkurang), KKN, atau keputusan-keputusan yang dapat merugikan seperti pembelian kembali saham yang telah dikeluarkan, penerbitan saham baru, merger, akuisisi, atau pengambil-alihan perusahaan lain. Fairness diharapkan membuat seluruh aset perusahaan dikelola secara baik dan prudent (hati-hati), sehingga muncul perlindungan kepentingan pemegang saham secara fair (jujur dan adil). Fairness juga diharapkan memberi perlindungan kepada perusahaan terhadap praktek korporasi yang merugikan seperti disebutkan di atas. Pendek kata, fairness menjadi jiwa untuk memonitor dan menjamin perlakuan yang adil di antara beragam kepentingan dalam perusahaan. Namun seperti halnya sebuah prinsip, fairness memerlukan syarat agar bisa diberlakukan secara efektif. Syarat itu berupa peraturan dan perundang-undangan yang jelas, tegas, konsisten dan dapat ditegakkan secara baik serta efektif. Hal ini dinilai penting karena akan menjadi penjamin adanya perlindungan atas hak-hak pemegang saham manapun, tanpa ada pengecualian. Peraturan perundang-undangan ini harus dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga dapat menghindari penyalahgunaan lembaga peradilan (litigation abuse). Di antara (litigation abuse) ini adalah penyalahgunaan ketidakefisienan lembaga peradilan dalam mengambil keputusan sehingga pihak yang tidak beritikad baik mengulur-ngulur waktu kewajiban yang harus dibayarkannya atau bahkan dapat terbebas dari kewajiban yang harus dibayarkannya. Prinsip GCG yang paling relevan dengan pengembangan sistem dan mekanisme internal perusahaan adalah accountability. Berdasarkan prinsip ini, pertama-tama masing-masing komponen perusahaan, seperti komisaris, direksi, internal auditor dituntut untuk mengerti hak, kewajiban, wewenang dan tanggung jawabnya. Hal tersebut penting sehingga masing-masing komponen mampu melaksanakan tugas secara professional. Dengan demikian masing-masing pihak baik Direksi maupun Komisaris perlu mengamankan investasi dan aset perusahaan. Dalam hal ini Direksi harus memiliki sistem dan pengawasan internal, yang meliputi bidang keuangan, operasional, risk management dan kepatuhan (compliance). Sedangkan Komisaris menjaga agar tidak terjadi mismanagement dan penyalahgunaan wewenang oleh Direksi dan para pejabat eksekutif perusahaan. 1. D. Tujuan Penerapan Good Corporate Governance Penerapan sistim GCG diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah bagi semua pihak yang berkepentingan (stakeholders) melalui beberapa tujuan berikut: 1. Meningkatkan efisiensi, efektifitas, dan kesinambungan suatu organisasi yang memberikan kontribusi kepada terciptanya kesejahteraan pemegang saham, pegawai dan stakeholders lainnya dan merupakan solusi yang elegan dalam menghadapi tantangan organisasi kedepan 2. Meningkatkan legitimasi organisasi yang dikelola dengan terbuka, adil, dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan 3. Mengakui dan melindungi hak dan kewajiban para share holders dan stakeholders. Dalam menerapkan nilai-nilai Tata Kelola Perusahaan, Perseroan menggunakan pendekatan berupa keyakinan yang kuat akan manfaat dari penerapan Tata Kelola Perusahaan yang baik. Berdasarkan keyakinan yang kuat, maka akan tumbuh semangat yang tinggi untuk menerapkannya sesuai standar internasional. Guna memastikan bahwa Tata Kelola Perusahaan diterapkan secara konsisten di seluruh lini dan unit organisasi, Perseroan menyusun berbagai acuan sebagai pedoman bagi seluruh karyawan. Selain acuan yang disusun sendiri, Perseroan juga mengadopsi peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Dalam hal penerapan prinsip GCG harus disadari bahwa penerapan Tata Kelola Perusahaan yang baik hanya akan efektif dengan adanya asas kepatuhan dalam kegiatan bisnis sehari-hari, terlebih dahulu diterapkan oleh jajaran manajemen dan kemudian diikuti oleh segenap karyawan. Melalui penerapan yang konsisten, tegas dan berkesinambungan dari seluruh pelaku bisnis. Dengan pemberlakukan Undang-undang No. 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas akankah implementasi GCG di Indonesia akan terwujud ? Hal ini tergantung pada penerapan dan kesadaran dari perseroan tersebut akan pentingnya prinsip GCG dalam dunia usaha. 1. E. Manfaat dan Faktor Penerapan GCG Seberapa jauh perusahaan memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip dasar GCG telah semakin menjadi faktor penting dalam pengambilan keputusan investasi. Terutama sekali hubungan antara praktik corporate governance dengan karakter investasi internasional saat ini. Karakter investasi ini ditandai dengan terbukanya peluang bagi perusahaan mengakses dana melalui ‘pool of investors’ di seluruh dunia. Suatu perusahaan dan atau negara yang ingin menuai manfaat dari pasar modal global, dan jika kita ingin menarik modal jangka panjang yang, maka penerapan GCG secara konsisten dan efektif akan mendukung ke arah itu. Bahkan jikapun perusahaan tidak bergantung pada sumber daya dan modal asing, penerapan prinsip dan praktik GCG akan dapat meningkatkan keyakinan investor domestik terhadap perusahaan. Di samping hal-hal tersebut di atas, GCG juga dapat: 1. Mengurangi agency cost, yaitu suatu biaya yang harus ditanggung pemegang saham sebagai akibat pendelegasian wewenang kepada pihak manajemen. Biaya-biaya ini dapat berupa kerugian yang diderita perusahaan sebagai akibat penyalahgunaan wewenang (wrong-doing), ataupun berupa biaya pengawasan yang timbul untuk mencegah terjadinya hal tersebut. 2. Mengurangi biaya modal (cost of capital), yaitu sebagai dampak dari pengelolaan perusahaan yang baik tadi menyebabkan tingkat bunga atas dana atau sumber daya yang dipinjam oleh perusahaan semakin kecil seiring dengan turunnya tingkat resiko perusahaan. 3. Meningkatkan nilai saham perusahaan sekaligus dapat meningkatkan citra perusahaan tersebut kepada publik luas dalam jangka panjang. 4. Menciptakan dukungan para stakeholder (para pihak yang berkepentingan) dalam lingkungan perusahaan tersebut terhadap keberadaan dan berbagai strategi dan kebijakan yang ditempuh perusahaan, karena umumnya mereka mendapat jaminan bahwa mereka juga mendapat manfaat maksimal dari segala tindakan dan operasi perusahaan dalam menciptakan kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan. Faktor Eksternal Yang dimakud faktor eksternal adalah beberapa faktor yang berasal dari luar perusahaan yang sangat mempengaruhi keberhasilan penerapan GCG. Di antaranya: a. Terdapatnya sistem hukum yang baik sehingga mampu menjamin berlakunya supremasi hukum yang konsisten dan efektif. b. Dukungan pelaksanaan GCG dari sektor publik/ lembaga pemerintahaan yang diharapkan dapat pula melaksanakan Good Governance dan Clean Government menuju Good Government Governance yang sebenarnya. c. Terdapatnya contoh pelaksanaan GCG yang tepat (best practices) yang dapat menjadi standard pelaksanaan GCG yang efektif dan profesional. Dengan kata lain, semacam benchmark (acuan). 1. Terbangunnya sistem tata nilai sosial yang mendukung penerapan GCG di masyarakat. Ini penting karena lewat sistem ini diharapkan timbul partisipasi aktif berbagai kalangan masyarakat untuk mendukung aplikasi serta sosialisasi GCG secara sukarela. 2. Hal lain yang tidak kalah pentingnya sebagai prasyarat keberhasilan implementasi GCG terutama di Indonesia adalah adanya semangat anti korupsi yang berkembang di lingkungan publik di mana perusahaan beroperasi disertai perbaikan masalah kualitas pendidikan dan perluasan peluang kerja. Bahkan dapat dikatakan bahwa perbaikan lingkungan publik sangat mempengaruhi kualitas dan skor perusahaan dalam implementasi GCG. Faktor Internal Maksud faktor internal adalah pendorong keberhasilan pelaksanaan praktek GCG yang berasal dari dalam perusahaan. Beberapa faktor dimaksud antara lain: a. Terdapatnya budaya perusahaan (corporate culture) yang mendukung penerapan GCG dalam mekanisme serta sistem kerja manajemen di perusahaan. b. Berbagai peraturan dan kebijakan yang dikeluarkan perusahaan mengacu pada penerapan nilai-nilai GCG. c. Manajemen pengendalian risiko perusahaan juga didasarkan pada kaidah-kaidah standar GCG. d. Terdapatnya sistem audit (pemeriksaan) yang efektif dalam perusahaan untuk menghindari setiap penyimpangan yang mungkin akan terjadi. e. Adanya keterbukaan informasi bagi publik untuk mampu memahami setiap gerak dan langkah manajemen dalam perusahaan sehingga kalangan publik dapat memahami dan mengikuti setiap derap langkah perkembangan dan dinamika perusahaan dari waktu ke waktu. Komentar Saya : Good Corporate Governance (GCG) telah menjadi sebuah istilah dan gerakan yang hangat dibicarakan dalam 10 tahun terakhir ini. Tidak dapat dipungkiri, institusi-institusi seperti World Bank, IMF, OECD, APEC, dan ADB turut mendorong tuntutan penerapan GCG secara konsisten dan komprehensif di berbagai perusahaan, khususnya setelah krisis Asia dan collapse-nya beberapa perusahaan raksasa di Amerika Serikat dan Eropa di penghujung tahun 90-an dan awal tahun 2000-an. Sehubungan dengan itu, hingga saat ini istilah GCG itu sendiri belum mendapatkan padanan yang tepat dalam bahasa Indonesia. Banyak perusahaan tetap menggunakan istilah GCG. Istilah – GCG – merujuk pada pengertian yang sama yakni sebagai: Suatu pola hubungan, sistem, dan proses yang digunakan oleh organ perusahaan (BOD, BOC, dan RUPS) guna memberikan nilai tambah kepada pemegang saham secara berkesinambungan dalam jangka panjang, dengan tetap memperhatikan kepentingan para stakeholder lainnya, berlandaskan peraturan perundangan dan norma yang berlaku. Sumber: Miko Kamal, Undang Undang PT dan Harapan Implementasi GCG, www.alf.com, 2008 Sita Supomo, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dalam Prinsip GCG, Email: fcgi_probis@yahoo.comfcgi_probis@yahoo.com , 2008

PELAKSANAAN GCG PADA BANK EKONOMI RAHARJA TBK TAHUN 2010 DAN SELF ASSESSMENTNYA

PELAKSANAAN GCG PADA BANK EKONOMI RAHARJA TBK TAHUN 2010 DAN SELF ASSESSMENTNYA Bank yang sehat merupakan cerminan dari pelaksanaan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik (Good Corporate Governance/GCG). Oleh karenanya, Perusahaan terus membangun dan memperbaiki struktur dan prosedur tata kelola perusahaan sesuai dengan peraturan yang ditetapkan oleh Bank Indonesia (BI) sebagai lembaga pengawas perbankan nasional dan Bapepam-LK sebagai lembaga pengawas perusahaan yang telah bersatus Perusahaan Terbuka (Tbk). Di tahun 2010, Bank Ekonomi telah memiliki komite-komite yang berada di bawah Dewan Komisaris sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, yaitu Komite Audit, Komite Remunerasi dan Nominasi, dan Komite Pemantau Risiko. Selain itu, untuk pengelolaan risiko secara lebih baik, Perusahaan juga telah memiliki unit-unit kerja khusus untuk mengelola risiko operasional, risiko kredit, dan risiko pasar. Sebagai anggota bagian dari grup bertaraf internasional, tata kelola perusahaan di Bank Ekonomi mengacu pada kebijakan dan prosedur dari HSBC Holdings Plc yang menjadi induk perusahaan. Penerapan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik menjadi pendorong bagi Bank Ekonomi untuk terus meningkatkan pertumbuhannya melalui praktek-praktek usaha yang sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, pengembangan teknologi yang diperlukan bagi kemajuan Perusahaan, mengantisipasi setiap risiko sehingga terhindar dari peristiwa-peristiwa yang tidak terduga, serta peningkatan tanggung jawab manajemen. Pelaksanaan tata kelola perusahaan akan berhasil dengan baik bila didukung oleh adanya struktur yang jelas dan berjalan sesuai dengan fungsinya masing-masing. Di Bank Ekonomi, struktur tata kelola perusahaan dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut: • Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham, merupakan perangkat tertinggi bagi Perusahaan dalam mengambil keputusan atas hal-hal utama dan strategis yang sangat mempengaruhi jalannya usaha. Diantaranya, terkait dengan perubahan susunan anggota Dewan Komisaris dan Direksi, pemberian wewenang kepada Direksi, pengesahan Laporan Keuangan Tahunan, dan penetapan penggunaan laba. • Dewan Komisaris, merupakan perangkat Perusahaan untuk mengawasi pelaksanaan usaha dijalankan sesuai dengan strategi yang telah disetujui, tata kelola perusahaan, dan peraturan perundangan-undangan yang berlaku. • Direksi, merupakan perangkat Perusahaan untuk mengelola usaha dijalankan sesuai dengan strategi, prosedur, dan kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan. Di tahun 2010, Perusahaan telah menyelenggarakan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham Tahunan (RUPST) pada 17 Mei 2010. Adapun hal-hal yang disetujui dan diputuskan dalam RUPST tersebut adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Menyetujui dan menerima Laporan Tahunan untuk Tahun Buku 2009. 2. Menyetujui dan mengesahkan Neraca dan Perhitungan Laba Rugi Perseroan Tahun Buku 2009. 3. Menyetujui penggunaan laba bersih Perseroan untuk Tahun Buku 2009 sebagai berikut: a. Tidak membagikan dividen tunai kepada para Pemegang Saham; b. Sebesar Rp 500.000.000,- dialokasikan dan dibukukan sebagai dana cadangan; c. Sisanya sebesar Rp 331.075.000.000,- dimasukkan dan dibukukan sebagai laba ditahan. 4. Menyetujui memberi wewenang kepada Direksi Perseroan untuk menunjuk Kantor Akuntan Publik (“KAP”) yang akan memeriksa Laporan Keuangan Perseroan untuk Tahun Buku 2010 dan untuk menetapkan honorarium serta persyaratan penunjukkan KAP tersebut. 5. Menyetujui perubahan Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris berikut gaji, tunjangan, bonus/tantiem kepada Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris sebagai berikut: a. Menerima pengunduran diri Sdr. Ravi Sreedharan selaku Direktur Utama Perseroan. b. Menyetujui pengangkatan Sdr. Antony Colin Turner (Tony Turner) selaku Direktur Utama Perseroan. c. Menyetujui pengangkatan kembali anggota Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris Perseroan sebagai berikut: 1. Sdr. David Edwin Boycott sebagai Komisaris Utama 2. Sdr. Hanny Wurangian sebagai Wakil Komisaris Utama dan Komisaris Independen 3. Sdr. Ted Margono sebagai Komisaris 4. Sdr. Hariawan Pribadi sebagai Komisaris Independen 5. Sdr. Sia Leng Ho sebagai Wakil Direktur Utama 6. Sdr. Gary Jones sebagai Direktur 7. Sdri. Minarti Tjhin sebagai Direktur 8. Sdr. Lenggono Sulistianto Hadi sebagai Direktur Kepatuhan. Pengangkatan Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris berlaku efektif sejak waktu penutupan Rapat ini sampai dengan penutupan RUPST Perseroan yang diadakan pada tahun 2013. d. Menyetujui pendelegasian wewenang kepada Dewan Komisaris Perseroan untuk menetapkan jumlah gaji dari masing-masing anggota Direksi Perseroan sebagaimana yang direkomendasikan oleh Komite Remunerasi dan Nominasi Perseroan dalam suratnya kepada Dewan Komisaris tertanggal 11 Mei 2010 perihal Usulan Komite Remunerasi dan Nominasi Perseroan. e. Menyetujui untuk memberikan tunjangan/gaji kepada Wakil Komisaris Utama merangkap Komisaris Independen di Komisaris Independen Perseroan dalam jumlah sebagaimana yang direkomendasikan oleh Komite Remunerasi dan Nominasi Perseroan dalam suratnya kepada Dewan Komisaris Perseroan tertanggal 11 Mei 2010 perihal Usulan Komite Remunerasi dan Nominasi dan menyetujui tidak diberikannya tunjangan kepada Komisaris Utama dan Komisaris Perseroan. f. Menyetujui pemberian bonus/tantiem kepada Wakil Komisaris Utama merangkap Komisaris Independen dan Komisaris Independen Perseroan untuk tahun 2009 dengan jumlah maksimal Rp 350.000.000,- net. g. Memberikan kuasa dan wewenang kepada Direksi Perseroan, dengan hak substitusi, untuk menyatakan keputusan agenda kelima baik sebagian maupun seluruh keputusan tersebut diatas, serta menyatakan susunan anggota Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris Perseroan dalam akta tersendiri dihadapan Notaris, selanjutnya memberitahukan/mendaftarkan kepada instansi yang berwenang, serta melakukan segala tindakan yang diperlukan sehubungan dengan hal tersebut.

PELAKSANAAN GCG BANK UOB BUANA TBK TAHUN 2010 DAN SELF ASSESSMENTNYA

PELAKSANAAN GCG BANK UOB BUANA TBK TAHUN 2010 DAN SELF ASSESSMENTNYA UOB Buana berkomitmen untuk melakukan kegiatan usaha sesuai dengan kerangka kerja Good Corporate Governance (“GCG”) dan kode etik perilaku. Setiap unit bisnis memiliki komitmen yang tinggi dalam melaksanakan prinsip-prinsip GCG di setiap kegiatan usahanya sehingga dapat memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik untuk kepentingan para nasabah, pemegang saham dan stakeholders lainnya. Kegiatan utama di tahun 2010 adalah penggabungan usaha (merger) antara UOB Buana dengan UOB Indonesia untuk memenuhi ketentuan Bank Indonesia mengenai kepemilikan tunggal (Single Presence Policy). Dengan penggabungan tersebut, Bank tetap berkomitmen untuk mempertahankan dan menyempurnakan penerapan GCG dalam upaya memenuhi persyaratan dari pihak berwenang di Indonesia dan standar yang ditetapkan dari pemegang saham utama UOB Buana yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Singapura. Dalam Laporan Tahunan ini, selain melaporkan standar praktek tata kelola perusahaan sebagaimana diatur oleh peraturan dan ketentuan Bank Indonesia, kami juga merujuk pada prinsip-prinsip tata kelola perusahaan yang berlaku secara internasional. Selama tahun 2010 Bank telah memperkuat praktek-praktek GCG dan memperkenalkan inisiatif-inisiatif di berbagai bidang sebagai berikut: Pedoman Perilaku dan Kode Etik Pedoman perilaku dan kode etik Bank merupakan dasar dari kerangka tata kelola perusahaan yang mencerminkan komitmen Bank untuk bertindak secara adil, benar dan tidak melanggar hukum. Manajemen dan karyawan, tanpa terkecuali, berkomitmen untuk terus melanjutkan dan menyempurnakan penerapan praktek-praktek GCG yang mengedepankan prinsip moral dan etika sesuai pedoman perilaku dan kode etik Bank. Secara berkala Bank mengkaji kembali isi pedoman perilaku dan kode etik serta mensosialisasikannya pada seluruh karyawan dan manajemen, sehingga dapat dipastikan pedoman dan kode etik tersebut dipahami dan dijalankan. Budaya Kepatuhan Tata kelola perusahaan yang baik melibatkan pengawasan terhadap kepatuhan peraturan secara ketat. Mematuhi hukum dan peraturan yang berlaku dimanapun kami beroperasi merupakan bagian penting dalam melakukan apa yang benar. Direktur Kepatuhan bertugas mengawasi pelaksanaan kerangka kepatuhan agar berjalan secara efektif. Hal ini menempatkan kami dalam posisi memenuhi peraturan dan merespon risiko kepatuhan yang muncul secara tepat waktu. Sejak tahun 2008, kami telah meluncurkan web internal/portal, yang berisi antara lain peraturan dan kebijakan yang berlaku yang terkait dengan kegiatan operasional Bank dan informasi Bank lainnya. Setiap karyawan dapat memiliki akses ke portal tersebut. Kami bahkan menautkan sistem Pelaporan Kepada Instansi Terkait (“PKIT”) kepada email karyawan yang bertanggung jawab terhadap laporan sehingga dapat mengingatkan tanggal jatuh tempo dari laporan yang menjadi tanggung jawab karyawan tersebut. Untuk meningkatkan efektifitas penggunaan portal tersebut, di tahun 2010 ditambahkan fasilitas mesin pencari yang memudahkan pengguna menemukan informasi yang dibutuhkan secara cepat dan akurat. Whistle Blowing Untuk mendukung pengawasan internal dan menerapkan transparansi sesuai prinsip GCG, UOB Buana telah mengatur kebijakan dan prosedur sistem whistle blowing. Kebijakan ini dibuat untuk mendorong setiap karyawan agar melaporkan pelanggaran-pelanggaran atau potensi pelanggaran terhadap hukum, peraturan, kebijakan Bank atau pedoman perilaku dan kode etik dengan tetap melindungi pelapor dari ancaman pihak manapun. Pelaporan dapat disampaikan secara verbal atau tertulis kepada atasan langsung, Kepala Audit Internal, Direktur Utama atau Ketua Komite Audit. Untuk menunjang kebijakan ini, disediakan fasilitas telepon dan faximili, serta hotline 24 jam bagi pelapor sehingga mempermudah jalur komunikasi. Fasilitas tersebut dioperasikan oleh fungsi kerja Audit Internal. Pelapor yang menyampaikan pengaduan yang sebenar-benarnya sesuai kebijakan whistle blowing dan didasari dengan niat baik, tidak akan terkena risiko pemecatan atau tindakan balasan. Anti-Money Laundering Sejalan dengan prinsip pengenalan nasabah serta seiring dengan komitmen pemerintah untuk memberantas kegiatan pencucian uang, UOB Buana mengambil satu langkah lebih maju dalammengimplementasikan sistem anti-money laundering. Sejak tahun 2009 Bank membentuk Komite Anti-Money Laundering dan menerbitkan pedoman pelaksanaan program anti-money laundering dan pencegahan pendanaan terorisme untuk membantu menjaga integritas sistem perbankan Indonesia. UOB Buana tidak akan dengan sengaja melakukan bisnis dengan individu, badan atau pemerintah yang mencoba untuk mengubah ‘uang kotor’ menjadi ‘uang bersih’. Kami juga tidak akan melakukan semua jenis transaksi bisnis yang berkaitan dengan kekayaan yang dimiliki atau dikendalikan oleh, atau atas nama, kelompok teroris yang dicurigai. UOB Buana merupakan bank pertama di Indonesia yang telah memiliki Komite Anti-Money Laudering. Berdasarkan peraturan Bank Indonesia tentang pelaksanaan GCG bagi Bank Umum, kami sampaikan laporan pelaksanaan GCG tahun 2010 termasuk kesimpulan umum hasil self assessment GCG.

NAMA : AHMAD TAUFIK NPM : 23209009 KELAS : 4eb03 MATKUL : ETIKA PROFESI AKUNTANSI MATERI : SARBANES OXLEY ACT The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (sering disingkat menjadi SOX) adalah undang-undang disahkan pada 30-juli-2002 sebagai tanggapan terhadap tinggi-profil Enron dan WorldCom skandal keuangan untuk melindungi pemegang saham dan masyarakat umum dari kesalahan akuntansi dan praktek-praktek curang dalam perusahaan. Tindakan ini dikelola oleh Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), yang menetapkan tenggat waktu untuk kepatuhan dan menerbitkan aturan mengenai persyaratan. Sarbanes-Oxley bukanlah seperangkat praktek bisnis dan tidak menentukan bagaimana bisnis harus menyimpan catatan, melainkan mendefinisikan catatan harus disimpan dan untuk berapa lama. Sejumlah skandal yang terjadi pada dunia akuntansi ini melibatkan ENRON ,TYCON INTERNATIONAL , ADELPHIA , PEREGRINE SYSTEM , DAN WORLDCOM. Skandal terkait menyebabkan kerugian miliyaran dolar bagi para investor karena jatuhnya harga saham nasional dan mengguncang kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap pasar saham. Akta ini disetujui dan diberikan nama sesuai dengan para dua sponsornya yaitu SENATOR PAUL SARBANES & MICHAEL G.OXLEY ( R.OH ) Ini juga disetujui oleh dewan dengan suara 423-3 dan oleh senat dengan suara 99-0 serta disahkan oleh presiden GEORGE W. BUSH dan SOX ini meningkatkan independensi auditor luar yang meninjau keakuratan laporan keuangan. ku pada perusahaan tertutup.Akta ini terdiri atas 11 judul untuk bagian menetapkan hal-hal mulai dari tanggung jawab tambahan dewan perusahaan serta hukuman pidana. Perundang-undangan ini menetapkan suatu standar baru dan lebih baik bagi semua dewan serta managemen perusahaan publik dan kantor akuntan publik walaupun tidak berlaku pada perusahaan tertutup. Undang-undang tidak hanya mempengaruhi sisi keuangan perusahaan, juga mempengaruhi departemen TI yang tugasnya adalah untuk menyimpan catatan elektronik korporasi. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act menyatakan bahwa catatan semua bisnis, termasuk catatan elektronik dan pesan elektronik, harus disimpan untuk "tidak kurang dari lima tahun." Konsekuensi untuk non-kepatuhan adalah denda, penjara, atau keduanya. Departemen TI semakin dihadapkan dengan tantangan untuk menciptakan dan memelihara arsip catatan perusahaan dengan cara biaya-efektif yang memenuhi persyaratan yang diajukan oleh undang-undang. FAQ: Apa dampak dari Sarbanes-Oxley pada operasi TI? Berikut ini bagian dari Sarbanes-Oxley berisi tiga aturan yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan catatan elektronik. Kesepakatan Aturan pertama dengan kerusakan, perubahan, atau pemalsuan catatan. Sec. 802 (a) "Barang siapa dengan sengaja mengubah, menghancurkan, memutilasi, menyembunyikan, menutupi, penyempurna, atau membuat entri palsu dalam catatan, dokumen, atau benda nyata dengan maksud untuk menghambat, menghalangi, atau mempengaruhi penyelidikan atau administrasi yang tepat setiap masalah dalam yurisdiksi setiap departemen atau lembaga dari Amerika Serikat atau perkara yang diajukan dengan judul 11, atau sehubungan dengan atau kontemplasi dari setiap masalah atau kasus, akan didenda di bawah judul ini, dipenjara tidak lebih dari 20 tahun, atau keduanya. " Aturan kedua mendefinisikan periode retensi untuk penyimpanan catatan. Praktik terbaik menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan dengan aman menyimpan catatan bisnis semua menggunakan pedoman yang sama ditetapkan untuk akuntan publik. Sec. 802 (a) (1) "Setiap akuntan yang melakukan audit dari penerbit surat berharga yang diatur oleh Pasal 10A (a) dari Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 USC 78j-1 (a)) berlaku, harus mempertahankan semua atau pemeriksaan meninjau kertas kerja untuk jangka waktu 5 tahun dari akhir periode fiskal dimana audit atau review disimpulkan. " Aturan ketiga mengacu pada jenis catatan bisnis yang perlu disimpan, termasuk semua catatan bisnis dan komunikasi, termasuk komunikasi elektronik. Sec. 802 (a) (2) "Komisi Sekuritas dan Bursa akan mengumumkan, dalam waktu 180 hari, aturan dan peraturan, seperti cukup diperlukan, berkaitan dengan retensi catatan relevan seperti kertas kerja, dokumen yang menjadi dasar dari audit atau review, memorandum, korespondensi, komunikasi, dokumen lainnya, dan catatan (termasuk catatan elektronik) yang dibuat, dikirim, atau diterima sehubungan dengan audit atau meninjau dan mengandung kesimpulan, pendapat, analisis, atau data keuangan yang berkaitan dengan semacam audit atau meninjau. “ Perdebatan mengenai untung rugi penerapan sarbox masih terjadi . Para pendukungya merasa bahwa aturan ini memperkuat pengawasan akuntansi perusahaan , sementara para penentang bahwa sarbox itu tidak diperlukan dan campur tangan pemerintah dalam manajemen Perusahaan menempatkan perusahaan As pada kerugian kompetitif terhadap perusahaan asing. Sarbox juga menetapkan suatu lembaga semi pemerintah yaitu “PUBLIC COMPANY ACCOUNTING OVERSIGHT BOARD” yg bertugas untuk mengawasi , mengatur dan memerikasa kantor-kantor akuntansi dalam perananya mereka sebagai auditor perusahaan publik. Dalam menanggapi hukum tersebut di beberapa negara sudah memberlakukan hukumanya Seperti : JEPANG , JERMAN , PERANCIS , ITALIA , DAN TURKI

biogrphy of my idol

1. SOEKARNO AUTOBIOGRAPHY R. Soekarno1 (was born in Blitar, East Java, on June 6 1901 – died in Jakarta, on June 21 1970 in the age 69 years) was Indonesian President first that hold the office of in the period 1945 - 1966. He played the role important to liberate the Indonesian nation from the Dutch colonisation. He was the Kepancasilaan excavator. He was the Proclaimer of Indonesian Independence (was with Mohammad Hatta) that happened on August 17 1945. He published the Letter Of Instruction on March 11 1966 Supersemar that was controversial that, that it seems, including his contents was assigned Lieutenant General Soeharto to pacify and maintain his authority. But this Supersemar was misused by Lieutenant General Soeharto to undermine his authority with the road to accuse him of taking part in masterminding the Movement on September 30. The charges caused People's Consultative Assembly Sementara that his member was replaced with the person who for Soeharto, shifted the presidency to Soeharto The background and education Soekarno was born by the name of Kusno Sosrodihardjo. His father was named Raden Soekemi Sosrodihardjo, a teacher in Surabaya, Java. His mother named Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai came from Buleleng, Bali . When small Soekarno lived with his grandfather in Tulungagung, East Java. In the age 14 years, a friend of his father who was named Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto asked Soekarno to live in Surabaya and to be sent to school to Hoogere Burger School (H.B.S.) there while reciting the Koran in the Tjokroaminoto place. In Surabaya, Soekarno often met the leaders of the Islam union, the organisation that was led by Tjokroaminoto at that time. Soekarno afterwards gathered with the Jong Java organisation (the Javanese Young Man). Graduate from H.B.S. in 1920, Soekarno continued to Technische Hoge School (now ITB) in Bandung, and was finished during 1925. During in Bandung, Soekarno interacted with Tjipto Mangunkusumo and Dr. Douwes Dekker, that at that time were the leader of the National Indische Partij organisation. Soekarno's family Soekarno's wife Oetari Inggit Garnasih Fatmawati Hartini RatnaSari Dewi Soekarno (the original name: Naoko Nemoto) Haryati Soekarno sons and daughters Guruh Soekarnoputra Megawati Soekarnoputri, Republic of Indonesia President the term of office of 2001-2004 Guntur Soekarnoputra Rachmawati Soekarnoputri Sukmawati Soekarnoputri Taufan and Bayu (from the wife Hartini) Kartika Sari Dewi Soekarno (from the wife Ratna sari Dewi Soekarno Really the national movement During 1926, Soekarno established Algemene Studie Club in Bandung. This organisation became the young coconut the future Party of national Indonesia that was established during 1927. Soekarno's activity in PNI caused him to be arrested by the Netherlands in December 1929, and bring up pledoi him that was phenomenal: Indonesian Criticize, until being released again on December 31 1931. In July 1932, Soekarno gathered with the Indonesian Party (Partindo), that was the fragment of PNI. Soekarno again was arrested in August 1933, and was isolated to Flores. Here, Soekarno was almost forgotten by national leading figures. However his spirit continued to glow as being implied in each one of his letters to a Teacher the Islam Association named Ahmad Hassan. During 1938 till 1942 Soekarno was isolated to the Bengkulu Province. Soekarno just again was free in the Japanese colonisation period during 1942. Really the Japanese colonisation At the beginning of the Japanese colonisation period (1942-1945), the Japanese government had an opportunity to not pay attention to leading figures of the Indonesian movement especially to "pacify" his existence in Indonesia.This was seen in the Movement 3A with his leading figure of Shimizu and Mr. Syamsuddin that were a little unpopular. However finally, the government of the Japanese occupation pay attention to and at the same time making use of the leading figure of the Indonesian leading figure like Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta et cetera in each organisation and the agency agency to appealing the Indonesian inhabitants. Named in various organisations like Javanese Hokokai, Pusat of the Rakyat Power (Putera), BPUPKI and PPKI, the leading figure of the leading figure like Soekarno, Hatta, Ki Hajar Dewantara, K.H Mas Mansyur and so on other was talk about and seen so active. And finally national leading figures co-operated with the government of the Japanese occupation to achieve Indonesian independence, although there are those that carried out the underground movement like Sutan Syahrir and Amir Sjarifuddin because of considering Japan was the dangerous fascist. President Soekarno personally, during the speech on the opening by text reading of the proclamation of independence, said that although in fact we co-operated with Japan in fact we believed and have faith as well as relied on the strength personally. He was active in an effort to preparations for Indonesian independence, among them were to formulate Kepancasilaan, UUD 1945 and the foundation of the foundation of the Indonesian government including formulating the text of the proclamation of Independence. He could be persuaded xNP to take refuge in Rengasdengklok Peristiwa Rengasdengklok. During 1943, Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo invited the Indonesian leading figure namely Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta and Ki Bagoes Hadikoesoemo to Japan and was received directly by Emperor Hirohito. Moreover the emperor gave the empire Star (Ratna Suci) to three Indonesian leading figures. Penganugerahan Bintang made the government of the Japanese occupation most startled, because that was significant that the three Indonesian leading figures it was considered the family of Japanese Emperor personally. In August 1945, he was invited by the Marshal Terauchi, headed by the South-East Asian territory Army in Dalat Vietnam that afterwards stated that the proclamation of Indonesian independence was the people's Indonesian affair personally However his involvement in the organisation bodies of the Japanese construction made Soekarno be accused of by the Netherlands co-operating with Jepang,betwen other in the case romusha. Revolutionary war time Soekarno with national leading figures began to prepare gazed at the Proclamation of Republic of Indonesia independence. After the session of the Investigator's Body preparations efforts for Indonesian Independence BPUPKI, The Small Committee that consisted of eight people (official), the Small Committee that consisted of nine people/the Committee of nine (that produced Jakarta Charter) and the preparations Committee for Independence Indonesian PPKI, Soekarno-Hatta established the Indonesian Country was based on Kepancasilaan and UUD 1945. After meeting the Terauchi Marshal in Dalat, Vietnam, the Rengasdengklok Incident on August 16 1945 happened; Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta were persuaded xNP by the young men to take refuge in the barracks of defence troops Motherland Peta Rengasdengklok. The leading figure of the young man who persuaded in part Soekarni, Wikana, Singgih as well as Chairul Saleh. The young men demanded that Soekarno and Hatta immediately proclaimed Republic of Indonesia independence, because in Indonesia happened vacuum of the authority. This was caused because Japan has surrendered and allied troops did not yet arrive. However Soekarno, Hatta and the leading figures refused on the basis of being waiting for the clarity concerning the Japanese surrender. The other developing reason was Soekarno appointed moment exact for Republic of Indonesia independence that is chosen by him on August 17 1945 at that time coincided with the date 17 Ramadhan, the holy month of Muslim who were believed in was the date of the fall of the first revelation Muslims to the Prophet Muhammad SAW namely Al Qur-an. On August 18 1945, Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta were appointed by PPKI to Republic of Indonesia President and Vice President. On August 29 1945 the appointment became the President and Vice President was strengthened by KNIP. In on September 19 1945 Soekarno's authority could resolve without Ikada bloodshed of the field incident where 200,000 Jakarta peoples would the clash with Japanese troops that were still fully-armed. At the time of the arrival of the Ally (AFNEI) that was led by Lt Gen. Mystically Phillip Christison, Christison had finally acknowledged the Indonesian sovereignty de facto after holding the meeting with President Soekarno. President Soekarno also tried to resolve the crisis in Surabaya. However resulting from the provocation that was launched by NICA troops (the Netherlands) that followed the Ally. (was supervised by England) exploded the Incident on November 10 1945 in Surabaya and fell him Brigadier General A.W.S Mallaby. Because of many provocations in Jakarta at that time, President Soekarno had finally moved the Republic of Indonesia capital from Jakarta to Yogyakarta. Followed by the Vice President and the senior official of the other country. The position President Soekarno according to UUD 1945 was President's position as the head of government and the head of state (presidential/single the Executive). For the revolution of fredom, sistem the government changed became semi-presidential/double the Executive. President Soekarno as the Head of State and Sutan Syahrir as the Prime Minister/ Head of Government. That happened because of the existence of the announcement Vice President No X, and the announcement of the government in November 1945 about the political party. This was followed so that the Republic of Indonesia it was considered the more democratic country. Although the government's system changed, at the time of the revolution of independence, the position of President Soekarno stayed most important, especially in facing the Madiun Incident 1948 as well as during Aggression of Militer Netherlands Ii that caused President Soekarno, Vice President Mohammad Hatta and several senior officials of the country to be kept by the Netherlands. Although having the Government of the Republic of Indonesia Emergency (PDRI) with the chairman Sjafruddin Prawiranegara, but in fact the international community and the domestic situation continue to acknowledged that Soekarno-Hatta was the Indonesian leader that actually, only of his policies that could complete the Indonesia-the Netherlands dispute. 2. Biography for Michael Jackson Date of Birth 29 August 1958, Gary, Indiana, USA Date of Death 25 June 2009, Los Angeles, California, USA (homicide) Birth Name Michael Joseph Jackson Nickname The Gloved One Wacko Jacko Jacko King Of Pop MJ Smelly Applehead Mike Height 5' 11" (1.80 m) Mini Biography American superstar Michael Jackson was born in Gary, Indiana, on August 29, 1958, and entertained audiences nearly his entire life. His father, Joe Jackson, had been a guitarist but was forced to give up his musical ambitions following his marriage to Katherine (Scruse). Together they prodded their growing family's musical interests at home. By the early 1960s, the older boys Jackie, Tito and Jermaine had begun performing around the city; by 1964, Michael and Marlon had joined in. A musical prodigy, Michael's singing and dancing talents were amazingly mature, and he soon became the dominant voice and focus of The Jackson 5. An opening act for such soul groups as the O-Jays and James Brown, it was Gladys Knight (not Diana Ross) who officially brought the group to Berry Gordy's attention, and by 1969, the boys were producing back-to-back chart-busting hits as Motown artists ("I Want You Back," "ABC," "Never Can Say Goodbye," "Got to Be There," etc.). As a product of the 1970s, the boys emerged as one of the most accomplished black pop/soul vocal groups in music history, successfully evolving from a group like The Temptations to a disco phenomenon. Solo success for Michael was inevitable, and by the 1980s, he had become infinitely more popular than his brotherly group. Record sales consistently orbited, culminating in the biggest-selling album of all time, "Thriller" in 1982. A TV natural, he ventured rather uneasily into films, such as playing the Scarecrow in The Wiz (1978), but had much better luck with elaborate music videos. In the 1990s, the downside as an 1980s pop phenomenon began to rear itself. Michael grew terribly child-like and introverted by his peerless celebrity. A rather timorous, androgynous figure to begin with, his physical appearance began to change drastically, and his behavior grew alarmingly bizarre, making him a consistent target for scandal-making, despite his numerous charitable acts. Two brief marriages -- one to Elvis Presley's daughter Lisa Marie Presley -- were forged and two children produced by his second wife during that time, but the purposes behind them appeared image-oriented. Despite it all, Michael Jackson's passion and artistry as a singer, dancer, writer and businessman are unparalleled, and it is these prodigious talents that will ultimately prevail over the extremely negative aspects of his seriously troubled adult life. For it all to end on June 25, 2009, with his sudden death at age 50 of a drug-induced cardiac arrest, just as he was coming out of a four-year reclusive period and rehearsing for a sold-out London concert "comeback" in July, seems uncommonly cruel and tragic. Millions upon millions of dedicated fans will remember where they were "the day Michael died". IMDb Mini Biography By: Gary Brumburgh / gr-home@pacbell.net Spouse Debbie Rowe (14 November 1996 - 8 October 1999) (divorced) 2 children Lisa Marie Presley (26 May 1994 - 18 January 1996) (divorced) Trade Mark The Moonwalk Single sequined white glove He always wears white socks with black shoes Often wore a black hat and a jacket with a ribbon around one sleeve Lyrics reflecting his social concerns and hopes for a better world Long black hair High pitched voice The crotch grab Trivia Through his "Heal the World" Foundation, Jackson spearheaded airlifts of food and medical supplies to war-torn Sarajevo, instituted mentoring, immunization and drug-abuse education programs and paid for a Hungarian child's liver transplant. Second child, with Debbie Rowe, daughter Paris-Michael Katherine Jackson, is born. [3 April 1998] Wife, Debbie Rowe, gave birth to a son in Beverly Hills, named Michael Joseph Jackson Jr. [13 February 1997] Macaulay Culkin is godfather to his two eldest children. Married Lisa Marie Presley in La Vega, Dominican Republic, by Judge Hugo Francisco Alvarez Perez. Witnesses present were Thomas Keough and Eve Darling (Lisa Marie's ex-brother-in-law and his wife, ex-sister-in-law). [26 May 1994] Shares with Carlos Santana the record for most Grammys won in one year, with eight. First solo artist to generate four top ten hits on the Billboard charts on one album with "Off the Wall." First artist to generate seven top ten hits (USA) on one album with "Thriller." Only artist in history to generate five #1 hits (USA) from one album with "Bad." With Lionel Richie, co-wrote the song "We Are the World," and was one of its performers. His 1982 album "Thriller" is the biggest selling album of all time, with confirmed sales of over 47 million, and over an estimated 100 million copies worldwide. His 1991 album "Dangerous" is second to "Thriller" as the biggest selling album of all time, with over 20 million copies sold worldwide. His 1987 album "BAD" is third to "Thriller" as the biggest selling album of all time, with 20 million copies sold worldwide. Brother of (in this order) Rebbie Jackson, Jackie Jackson, Tito Jackson, Jermaine Jackson, La Toya Jackson, Marlon Jackson, Randy Jackson and Janet Jackson. Copied his moon walk after mime Marcel Marceau in "walk-against-the- wind" pantomime techniques. Wrote and recorded a song called "On the Line", produced by Kenneth 'Babyface' Edmonds, for the film Get on the Bus (1996) that was not included on the soundtrack for the film. The name of his 2700-acre ranch near Santa Ynez, California, is Neverland Valley Ranch. It contains Jackson's house, an amusement park co-designed by Macaulay Culkin, a private theater and dance stage, and exotic animals. He is being sued by two former financial advisors for $25 million over alleged unpaid expenses. Jackson denies owing them anything. [9 September 2001] Had a skin disease called vitiligo. Was a Jehovah's Witness. Uncle of Jermaine Jackson II, Valencia Jackson, Brittany Jackson, Marlon Jackson Jr., Stevanna Jackson. His estate contains a child's mini coaster, Zipper, Bumper cars, Merry go round, octopus, Giant slide and rocking dragon.. There is also a full size basketball court, water wars section (for water gun fights) 2 Trains, (one steam train) and a zoo where he has various exotic animals including elephants, giraffes, alligators, a tiger and even an Anaconda. He does not own the right to the entire Beatles catalogue. For example, the family of the late George Harrison own songs he wrote, including "Something," and Sony music owns 50% of the catalogue after Jackson sold it to them because he needed the money. Son of Katherine Jackson, and Joe Jackson. Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001 (as a solo artist). Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997 (as a member of the Jackson 5). Jackson shocked his fans when he dangled his third child, infant Prince Michael II, over a balcony on the fourth floor of a Berlin, Germany hotel for all hovering fans to see. He later stated that he made "a terrible mistake.". [November 2002] Starting with Black or White (1991) (V), Jackson and his record company refer to his music videos, before or since, as "short films," never "videos". Has his look-alike puppet in the French show "Les guignols de l'info" (1988). Father of Prince Michael, Prince Michael II, Paris Jackson. Is the godfather of Michael Gibb, son of The Bee Gees front man Barry Gibb. He and his lawyer, Mark Geragos, sued jet charter company XtraJet for invasion of privacy. The firm allegedly installed hidden cameras to tape the two's confidential attorney-client conversations. A California judge has barred the firm from releasing or selling any footage it may have obtained. [25 November 2003] In 2002 had planned to produce and star in the movie "The Nightmares of Edgar Allan Poe", about the last years of writer Edgar Allan Poe. He was to star as the famed 19th century author (who was Caucasian), and had written music for the film as well. For a charity event held at the Neverland Ranch in September 2003, for the first time ever, he invited an artist from the outside to perform there. It was Yannick Harrison, also known as Jay Kid, from Denmark that performed a number of his interpretations of Michael Jackson songs for the specially invited guests. Has sold over 750 million albums worldwide. Was present at the private funeral service for Maurice Gibb. He was voted the 35th Greatest Artist of all time in Rock 'n' Roll by Rolling Stone. His favorite The Beatles'' song is "Come Together" - his version of the song is on "History - Past, Present and Future.". Was found not guilty on ten counts of child molestation on 13 June 2005 due to lack of evidence. Ranked #11 in VH1's list of the "100 Greatest Kid Stars" with his brothers as the Jackson 5. He was (along with Tito Jackson) co-best man at Liza Minnelli's and David Gest's wedding. Tatum O'Neal, was Jackson's first girlfriend and allegedly his first real love. However, she denied this in her book, saying that he only kissed. His hit song "Bad" from 1987 was initially supposed to be a duet with fellow 80's superstar Prince. Prince said in an interview that he did not wish to sing the line "Your butt is mine". Ex-brother-in-law of James DeBarge. President Ronald Reagan wanted to award a special White House medal to Jackson, Bob Hope and the late John Wayne in 1984. However, future Chief Justice of the Supreme Court John Roberts advised against the proposal, saying the award was too much for a pop singer. Received a Presidential Humanitarian Award from President Ronald Reagan at the White House in May 1984, in recognition of Jackson's contribution to the government's campaign against drunk driving. "Beat It" was used in television advertisements. Jackson joined Chris Tucker, Tony Bennett, former president Bill Clinton and members of the Democratic National Committee at Harlem's Apollo Theatre in New York for a concert fundraiser. Tucker co-hosted the event with actress Cicely Tyson, while Rubén Blades, k.d. lang and Bennett performed. Jackson sang a medley of songs that included "Black or White" and "Smooth Criminal", and was joined by Jane's Addiction guitarist and former Red Hot Chili Peppers Dave Navarro for a portion of his set (24 April 2002). Attended a memorial service for the late actor Marlon Brando in August 2004, along with Warren Beatty, Jack Nicholson and Sean Penn. Addressed the Oxford Union on the subject of child welfare and his new initiative "Heal the Kids". (6 March 2001) Was asked to write and perform the songs for Batman (1989), but had to turn it down due to his concert commitments. In January 2000 Jackson announced he was considering retiring from the music industry, citing his weariness at publicity as a reason. In 1997, Jackson released an album of new material coupled with remixes of hit singles from the "HIStory" album titled "Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix". He dedicated the album to his friend Sir Elton John, who had helped him through his addiction to prescribed painkillers. It went on to sell 6 million copies worldwide, making it the biggest selling remix album of all time. His album "HIStory: Past, Present and Future - Book I" has sold 16 million copies worldwide since its release in 1995, making it the biggest selling multiple-disc album of all time. His 2001 album "Invincible" sold over 10 million copies worldwide. In January 1993 Jackson performed during the halftime show at Super Bowl XXVII. It drew the largest viewing audience in the history of American television. In a move named by Jackson's advisers as "refinancing," it was announced in April 2006 that Jackson had struck a deal with Sony and Fortress investments. In the deal Sony may be allowed to take control of half of Jackson's 50% stake in Sony/ ATV Music Publishing (worth an estimated $1 billion) which Jackson co-owns. Jackson would be left with 25% of the catalog, with the rest belonging to Sony. In exchange, Sony negotiated with a loans company on behalf of Jackson. Jackson's $200m in loans were due in December 2005 and were secured on the catalog. Jackson failed to pay and the Bank of America sold them to Fortress investments, a company dealing in distressed loans. However, Jackson hasn't as yet sold any of the remainder of his stake. The possible purchase by Sony of 25% of Sony/ATV Music Publishing is a conditional option; it is assumed the singer will try to avoid having to sell part of the catalog of songs including material by other artists such as 'Bob Dylan' and Destiny's Child. As another part of the deal Jackson was given a new $300 million loan, and a lower interest rate on the old loan to match the original Bank of America rate. When the loan was sold to Fortress investments they increased the interest rate to 20%. Winner of the Brit Award for International Male in 1989. Winner of the British Phonographic Industry Award for International Solo Artist in 1988. Winner of the British Phonographic Industry Award for International Solo Artist in 1984. Was a frequent guest at the infamous "Studio 54" On 27 May 2006, Jackson accepted a Legend Award at MTV Japan's VMA Awards in Tokyo. It was his first public appearance since being found not guilty in his child molestation trial almost a year earlier. The award was honoring his influence and impact in music videos over the past 25 years. Despite a number of surgeons' claims that Jackson has undergone multiple nasal surgeries as well as a forehead lift, thinned lips and cheekbone surgery, Jackson wrote in his 1988 autobiography "Moon Walk" that he only had two rhinoplastic surgeries and the surgical creation of a cleft in his chin, while attributing puberty and diet to the noticeable change in the structure of his face. Jackson hired film director Martin Scorsese to direct the video for the "Bad" album's title track. When the 18-minute music video debuted on television, it sparked a great deal of controversy as it was apparent that Jackson's appearance had changed dramatically. Although Jackson's skin color had been a medium- brown color for the entire duration of his youth, his skin had gradually become paler since 1982, and had now become a light brown color. This was now so noticeable that the entire press took out widespread coverage on it and claimed that Jackson had bleached his own skin. In 1993 Jackson claimed that his changing skin color is due to a skin disorder vitiligo whilst on "The Oprah Winfrey Show" (1986). Performed at the ball for President Bill Clinton's first inauguration on 20 January 1993. "Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection", his third greatest hits package in less than ten years, sold 250,000 copies worldwide following its release in October 2004. "The Essential Michael Jackson", another greatest hits package, debuted at a surprisingly high Number 2 on the UK charts and sold 200,000 copies within five months. In the United States it only reached Number 96 and soon disappeared. Recorded an anti-war song about the US invasion of Iraq, "We've Had Enough", which was included on his greatest hits package "Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection". His greatest hits compilation "Michael Jackson: Number Ones" sold 6 million copies worldwide following its release in November 2003, peaking at Number 1 in most countries except the United States. It had been planned at the last minute after "Resurrection", a follow-up to his 2001 album "Invincible", was canceled. Fortress Investment Group foreclosed and took possession of Jackson's half- interest in the Sony/ATV Music Publishing company, estimated to be worth $1 billion, as well as the entire MiJac Music Publishing company. (December 2005) Promotional videos of his songs directed by, among others, John Landis and John Singleton have cost more than some motion pictures. Paid $1.5 million in 1999 for the Best Picture Oscar awarded to David O. Selznick for Gone with the Wind (1939). Announced his intention to record a charity single dedicated to the victims of Hurricane Katrina entitled, "I Have This Dream". Ciara, Snoop Dogg, R. Kelly, Keyshia Cole, James Ingram, Michael Jackson's brother Jermaine Jackson, Shanice, the Shirley Caesar and The O'Jays all supposedly lent their voices to the charity song. At the time, Jackson's spokesperson, Raymone K. Bain, said the list of performers included Mary J. Blige, Missy 'Misdemeanor' Elliott, Jay-Z, James Brown and Lenny Kravitz. All of these artists later appeared to be no longer participating. The Katrina Charity Single remains unreleased. He was a close friend of the former child star Mark Lester. Lester is godfather to Jackson's children. Although the two had not spoken for several years before his death. He was never related to Elvis Presley by marriage since Presley died many years before his marriage to Lisa Marie. Is spoofed in Eminem's music video "Just Lose It". Jackson was fired from Two Seas Records, with whom he had signed a recording contract in April 2006 for one album. The album had been set for a fall 2007 release. (September 2006) California state authorities ordered Jackson to close the Neverland Ranch and fined him more than $100,000 for failing to pay the staff there or maintain proper insurance. (March 2006). When Jackson performed in England in 1982, he asked to meet former actor Mark Lester. "He wanted to meet someone who had a similar background, a child star," Lester said. The result was a lifelong friendship. Presented with an "Artist of the decade" award by Elizabeth Taylor in 1989, proclaiming him "the true king of pop, rock and soul". Ordered to pay Debbie Rowe $60,000 for legal fees in their battle for custody over of their two children. Los Angeles Judge Robert Schnider gave Jackson until 28 September to obey the order. Rowe had asked for $195,000, but the judge noted that she had received eight million dollars in the divorce. (6 September 2006). In October 2002 it was revealed by various international banks that Jackson was in financial debt into the tens of millions of dollars due to various unpaid loans. Some of his favorite pastimes were water balloon fights and climbing trees. He wrote several songs sitting in his favorite tree at Neverland, which he called Giving Tree, because it was so inspiring. Is portrayed by Alex Burrall and Jason Weaver in The Jacksons: An American Dream (1992) (TV). Godmother of his daughter Paris Jackson and son Prince Michael is Elizabeth Taylor. Godfather of Nicole Richie. Did not tour America after the BAD tour in 1987. Received a Special Award for a Generation at the Brit Awards in 1996. Received the World Music Award for world's best-selling album of all time, "Thriller", at the Monte Carlo Sporting Club, on 8 May 1996. Received the Diamond Award for selling more than 100 million albums at the World Music Awards in London on 15 November 2006. Ended more than a year of speculation by buying the British music publishing company ATV Music for a reported £34 million ($50 million) in August 1985. The company owned 40,000 songs, including the Northern Songs catalog which contained all The Beatles songs up to their Apple Days. Jackson outbid Coca-Cola, EMI, CBS (who thereafter looked after the catalog for Jackson) and a very disappointed Paul McCartney, who had originally tried to buy Northern Songs for £21 million ($35 million) in 1981 and then later - again unsuccessfully - in conjunction with Yoko Ono. 1st May 2001: His video for "Thriller" was voted at #1 by VH1 on their countdown of the Top 100 Greatest Videos Of All Time. At #2 was "Like A Prayer" by Madonna. Won a poll of superstars to have his image on a stamp issued by the Virgin Islands in July 1985. He asked that the Virgin Islands donated all revenue (the stamps were priced between 60 cents and $1.50) to welfare and education. Disappointed his fans by singing a few lines from "We Are the World", accompanied by a children's choir, after he had been rumored to perform his 1982 hit "Thriller" as a triumphant comeback at the World Music Awards at Earls Court, London. Jackson left the stage to audible boos from the audience - some of his fans had paid up to £500 a ticket to see him perform. (15 November 2006). Filed complaints against the Independent Television Commission and the Broadcasting Standards Commission of the UK following the documentary Living with Michael Jackson: A Tonight Special (2003) (TV). Held his first live concert in four years at Madison Square Garden, New York, in early September 2001. He was paid £10 million for two concerts. Originally intended to begin his solo career when he turned eighteen in 1976, but financial problems forced him to remain with the Jackson Five, renaming themselves The Jacksons for legals reasons, until 1979. While Jackson has claimed 104 million sales for his 1982 album "Thriller", the Guinness Book of World Records has put the figure at 51 million copies sold as of 2006. A $10 million lawsuit filed by Jackson was dismissed by a US judge. The lawsuit was filed against a man from New Jersey who was allegedly in possession of items and memorabilia that Jackson claims were stolen. (14 January 2006). In 1997 a survey declared Jackson the most famous person in the world, ahead of Pope John Paul II and then US President Bill Clinton. It is clear in the opinion of a number of plastic surgeons that Jackson has undergone extensive plastic surgery and it may be said that he is hardly recognizable as the same person he was as an adolescent, but the effectiveness of his cosmetic surgery has been hotly debated. He was the highest earning singer of 1988-1989, with $125 million from his worldwide "BAD" album tour. Honored by CBS as the "top selling act of the Eighties" in March 1990. Jackson was seen by a record 500,000 people during his seven day stand at Wembley Stadium in July 1988. Moonwalker (1988) was certified as the all-time top selling music video in March 1989. Attended James Brown's funeral in Augusta, Georgia. (30 December 2006). Inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame for his outstanding contribution to British music and integral part of British music culture. [11 November 2004] He returned to live in the United States on 24 December 2006, setting up residence in Las Vegas. On 13 June 2003, the day after his neighbor and friend of 25 years Gregory Peck died, Jackson went to Peck's house to help his widow plan the memorial service. Peck had once publicly praised the singer as a model parent. The music video for his song "Thriller" was with 13 minutes the longest music video ever, until this record was broken by Mike Skinner with the video for the song "When You Wasn't Famous". Jackson greeted thousands of US troops in a US army base south of Tokyo on 10 March 2007. About 3,000 troops and their family members gathered in a fitness center at Camp Zama. Jackson, after shaking hands with and thanking the troops personally for their service, spoke to the crowd gathered, saying, "Those of you in here today are some of the most special people in the world. It is because of you in here today, and others who so valiantly have given their lives to protect us, that we enjoy our freedom." Jackson also attended a ceremony at the camp for an army member being promoted and put a pin on his uniform. At his peak, Jackson was reportedly worth around $1 Billion. Inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2002. His 1979 debut solo album "Off the Wall" has sold around 20 million copies worldwide. His 2001 album "Invincible" was his first full album of new material for ten years, since 1991's "Dangerous". Fell out with Quincy Jones after the producer cut half the songs from his 1987 album "BAD". In a 2006 interview with "The Daily Telegraph" newspaper, Jones admitted he had not spoken to Jackson for years. Diagnosed with lupus in 1984. Claimed to have given $300 million to charity, more than any other celebrity apart from Oprah Winfrey. Former son-in-law of Priscilla Presley. Childhood school friend of David Gest. Attended the funeral of his close friend Ryan White in April 1990. Longtime supporter of AIDS research and over thirty-two more charities. In the early 1970s while still very young and a member of the Jackson 5, appeared on "The Dating Game" (1965). Roles were reversed; Michael asked questions and picked a date from three eligible "bachelorettes". Is a fan of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A special 25th anniversary edition of his 1982 album "Thriller", entitled "Thriller 25", sold an estimated 3 million copies worldwide. Upon his death, many fans left remembrances at the Hollywood star, located at 1541 Vine Street, awarded to a long time radio talk show host also named Michael Jackson. Upon hearing of this, the radio commentator said, "I am willingly loan it to him and, if it would bring him back, he can have it. He was a real star. Sinatra, Presley, The Beatles and Michael Jackson.". The Jacksons were awarded a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for Recording at 1500 Vine Street in Hollywood, California. Made an out-of-court settlement with the family of 13-year-old Jordie Chandler for an estimated $25 million in January 1994 following allegations of sexual abuse against children. Owed an estimated $435 million in debts at the time of his death. At the time of his death Jackson was living in a rented mansion once owned by the actor Sir Sean Connery in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles. His favorite movie as a child and teenager was Oliver! (1968). Celebrities provided varied comments after Jackson's sudden death. Madonna and Diana Ross released statements saying they could not stop crying. Jackson's former wife, Lisa Marie Presley, said the singer had told her he was afraid he would end up like Elvis Presley, her father. Elizabeth Taylor, a long-time friend, said she, "can't imagine life without him." Liza Minnelli told CBS, "When the autopsy comes, all hell's going to break loose, so thank God we're ­celebrating him now." Jamie Foxx, stated: "We want to celebrate this black man. He belongs to us and we shared him with everybody else.". Following his death, U.S. President Barack Obama sent a letter of condolence to the Jackson family, and during a press conference the Press Secretary Robert Gibbs said that President Obama viewed Jackson as a "spectacular performer, and a music icon". In Congress, Representatives Diane Watson and Jesse Jackson Jr. asked members to observe a moment of silence. MTV and BET began airing his music videos, and ran two news specials, until 8 p.m. EDT the following day of his death. The news of his death spread quickly online, causing websites to crash and slow down from user overload. Both TMZ and the Los Angeles Times, two websites that were the first to confirm the news, suffered outages. His death triggered an outpouring of grief. Fans gathered outside the UCLA Medical Center, his Holmby Hills home, the Apollo Theater in New York, and at Hitsville U.S.A., the old Motown headquarters in Detroit where his career began, now the Motown Museum. Streets around the hospital were blocked off, and across America people left offices and factories to watch the breaking news on television. An Amazon spokesperson said that the website sold out of all of his CDs, and those of the Jackson 5, within minutes of the news of his death breaking. He had been scheduled to perform 50 sold-out concerts to over one million people at London's O2 arena, from July 13, 2009 to March 6, 2010, which he implied during a press conference would have been the final concerts of his career. Unfortunately he passed away before he could perform any of these shows. His rehearsals for the tour were documented in This Is It (2009). On the day of Jackson's death, Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) paramedics received a 911 call at 12:21 pm (19:21 UTC), and arrived three minutes and seventeen seconds later, at which point Jackson was reportedly not breathing. The recording of the emergency call was released by the LAFD on June 27, 2009. Paramedics are reported to have wanted to pronounce him dead at the scene, but a doctor insisted he be taken to a hospital. CPR was performed on the way to the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, where they arrived at 1:14 pm (20:14 UTC), and continued for an hour. He was pronounced dead at 2:26 pm (21:26 UTC). Producer Keya Morgan gave Jackson a ring that once belonged to Marilyn Monroe. Following the week of his death, his album sales collectively spiked over 2000%. The Staples Center Michael Jackson memorial service non-performing VIP attendees included Sean Combs, Larry King, Barbara Walters, Jaleel White, Kimberly 'Lil' Kim' Jones, Spike Lee, Don King, Vicki Roberts, Nicole Richie, Dionne Warwick, Kim Kardashian, and Kris Jenner. Music website Amazon sold as many Jackson albums in the 24 hours after his death as in the previous 11 years. His gold coffin seen at his memorial is a rare design called the Promethean. It cost $25,000 and is made of solid bronze but is 14-carat gold-plated with a hand-polished mirror finish and lined with velvet. It is identical to the coffin used to bury James Brown in 2006 - which may have inspired Jackson after he saw it when Brown lay in state. His memorial service from the Staples Center on Tuesday, July 7th 2009 brought the Internet's second largest day ever in terms of total traffic. In the 1980s, Jackson and Queen lead singer Freddie Mercury became close friends and recorded three songs together - "Victory", "State of Shock" (later recorded by Mick Jagger) and "There Must Be More To Life Than This". All are demos and have never been officially released. The Elephant Man (1980) was one of his favorite movies. Spent his last days at a rented mansion at 100 North Carolwood Drive in Los Angeles. The property was once owned by Sean Connery. An Andy Warhol head-and-shoulders portrait of Jackson made the cover of Time magazine on March 19, 1984. He died on the same day as Farrah Fawcett. Both were in California at the time. She died at 9:28 a.m PDT, he was pronounced dead at 2:26 p.m. after hours of unsuccessful resuscitation. It is estimated that Michael Jackson's earnings in the six months following his death on June 25 2009 will top the entire $149 million (£90 million) made by Jimi Hendrix since he passed away in 1970. Two months after his death, just before what would be his 51st birthday, and the day of his burial, his Number Ones album surpassed Taylor Swift's highly successful album Fearless as the best selling album of 2009 at that point. He had a long standing relationship with Cherokee Studios, reaching back to his days with the Jackson 5. It was during an early Jackson 5 recording session at Cherokee that Shelley Berger, longtime Motown Manager, first realized his talent, telling Rolling Stone Magazine he would be "the new Sammy Davis." Later, he came back to Cherokee to record his multi platinum breakout solo Album Off the Wall. His relationship with Cherokee continued throughout his solo career, culminating in the recording of what went on to become the best selling album of all time, Thriller (109 million albums sold worldwide). Holds 10 different Guinness World Records. In 1991, Sony Pictures Entertainment announced a top secret film project called "MidKnight" which would star Jackson as meek young man by day, who secretly changes into a heroic singing and dancing knight at the stroke of midnight. The film was part of Jackson's $1 billion re-up with Sony Music. But the project fell apart due to contractual issues as well as the 1993 child molestation allegations. Jackson received his very first screen kiss in the John Singleton-directed music video, "Remember the Time" (1992), when he kissed Iman (playing Queen Nefertiti to Eddie Murphy's Pharaoh). Achieved the dubious distinction in 2009 of meriting the number three position on Forbes magazine's list of "Top-Earning Dead Celebrities". Jackson's posthumous earnings of $90 million were surpassed only by Yves Saint-Laurent and Richard Rodgers and 'Oscar Hammerstein (II)' (as Rodgers & Hammerstein). Kept a pet chimpanzee, Bubbles. Jackson's music video "Liberian Girl" (1989) comprises what is arguably the most star-studded ensemble of cameos in pop music history. In order of appearance are: Beverly Johnson, Malcolm-Jamal Warner, Sherman Hemsley, Brigitte Nielsen, Paula Abdul, Carl Weathers, Whoopi Goldberg, Quincy Jones, Jackie Collins, Amy Irving, Jasmine Guy, Rosanna Arquette, Billy Dee Williams, Lou Diamond Phillips, Olivia Newton-John, John Travolta, Corey Feldman, Steven Spielberg, Deborah Gibson, Ricky Schroder, Blair Underwood, 'Weird Al' Yankovic, Bubbles, Suzanne Somers, Lou Ferrigno, Don King (and "Son"), Mayim Bialik, Virginia Madsen, David Copperfield, Emily and Richard Dreyfuss, Danny Glover, Olivia Hussey, Dan Aykroyd and Steve Guttenberg. Jackson appears only at the very end manning a camera on a crane. Directed by James Yukich. Ever since he was a boy, Michael Jackson was a fan of the Three Stooges, especially Curly Howard. In fact, for the Curly biography "Curly: An Illustrated Biography of the Superstooge" (Citadel Press, 1985), written by Curly's niece Joan Howard Maurer, Michael wrote the Foreward. The irony here is that both men died at roughly the same age: Curly at forty-eight, Michael at fifty. Fan of Fulham Football Club (English Premier League soccer club), based at Craven Cottage, Fulham, London, England. Fellow fans include Elizabeth Hurley, Lily Allen, Hugh Grant, Pierce Brosnan, Hugh Laurie, Benicio Del Toro, Daniel Radcliffe and Andrew Johnston. Performed live with Britney Spears in September, 2001. Together they performed Jackson's song "The Way You Make Me Feel" at the Michael Jackson: 30th Anniversary Special in Madison Square Garden. This was Jackson's last live performance of the song in front of an audience. Michael Jackson did sketches and drawings. Personal Quotes I can't think of a better way to spread the message of world peace than by working with the NFL and being part of Super Bowl XXVII. I don't like pop music. I'll always be Peter Pan in my heart. People think they know me, but they don't. Not really. Actually, I am one of the loneliest people on this earth. I cry sometimes, because it hurts. It does. To be honest, I guess you could say that it hurts to be me. "Just because you read it in a magazine or see it on a TV screen doesn't make it factual. To buy it is to feed it." - about tabloid magazines. I made a terrible mistake. I got caught up in the excitement of the moment. I would never intentionally endanger the lives of my children. "You ain't seen nothing yet, and the best is yet to come." (1999) There is a lot of sadness in my past life. My father beat me. It was difficult to take being beaten and then going on stage. He was strict; very hard and stern. Elizabeth Taylor used to feed me, to hand-feed me, at times. Please, I don't want anybody to think I'm starving, I'm not. My health is perfect, actually. I just want to say to fans in every corner of the earth, every nationality, every race, every language: I love you from the bottom of my heart. I would love your prayers and your goodwill, and please be patient and be with me and believe in me because I am completely, completely innocent. But please know a lot of conspiracy is going on as we speak. Marlon Brando has been pushing. He's a wonderful man. He's a god. He wants a lot of money. He wants to get things done right now. - On a video about acting which he was planning to make with Brando in 2001 Elizabeth Taylor is a warm cuddly blanket that I love to snuggle up to and cover myself with. I can confide in her and trust her. She's Mother Teresa, Princess Diana, the Queen of England, and Wendy. I trusted Martin Bashir to come into my life and that of my family because I wanted the truth to be told. Martin Bashir persuaded me to trust him that his would be an honest and fair portrayal of my life and told me that he was the man that turned Diana's life around. I am surprised that a professional journalist would compromise his integrity by deceiving me in this way. Today I feel more betrayed than perhaps ever before; that someone, who had got to know my children, my staff and me, whom I let into my heart and told the truth, could then sacrifice the trust I placed in him and produce this terrible and unfair programme. Everyone who knows me will know the truth which is that my children come first in my life and that I would never harm any child. I also want to thank my fans around the world for the overwhelming number of messages of support that I have received, particularly from Great Britain, where people have e-mailed me and said how appalled they were by the Bashir film. Their love and support has touched me greatly. I was coming out of the shower and I fell and all my body weight - I'm pretty fragile - all my body weight fell against my rib cage. And I bruised my lung very badly. I love my children. I was holding my son tight. Why would I throw a baby off the balcony? That's the dumbest, stupidest story I ever heard. I think that it's demeaning and disrespectful but I also want to make it clear it's not just about me but a pattern of disrespect that he has shown to our community. He needs to stop it and he needs to stop it now. - On Eminem's video for "Just Lose It I have spent my entire life helping millions of children across the world. I would never harm a child. It is unfortunate that some individuals have seen fit to come forward and make a complaint that is completely false. Years ago, I settled with certain individuals because I was concerned about my family and the media scrutiny that would have ensued if I fought the matter in court. These people wanted to exploit my concern for children by threatening to destroy what I believe in and what I do. I have been a vulnerable target for those who want money. I am always writing a potpourri of music. I want to give the world escapism through the wonder of great music and to reach the masses. I'm a visionary and a creative person. God blessed me with certain talents. I hate to use an analogy, but Walt Disney was creative but not good with business. His brother Roy handled the books. He loved creating family-oriented entertainment and so do I. I feel that was a gift and I have that gift also. I'm very honored to have been chosen. "When I saw him move I was mesmerized. I've never seen a performer perform like James Brown and right then and there I knew that that was what I wanted to do for the rest of my life. Success definitely brings on loneliness. People think you're lucky, that you have everything. They think you can go anywhere and do anything, but that's not the point. One hungers for the basic stuff. My father was a management genius. But what I really wanted was a dad. I've been in the entertainment industry since I was six-years-old ... As Charles Dickens says, 'It's been the best of times, the worst of times.' But I would not change my career ... While some have made deliberate attempts to hurt me, I take it in stride because I have a loving family, a strong faith and wonderful friends and fans who have, and continue, to support me. (2007) [on his career] It all went by so fast, didn't it? I wish I could do it all over again, I really do. [on refuting persistent rumors of skin surgery or bleaching] If I had a chance to talk to Michelangelo, I would ask him what inspired him to become who he is, the anatomy of his craftsmanship, not about who he dated last night or why he decided to sit out in the sun so long. When I was 16, we were doing Las Vegas every night, and Elvis Presley and Sammy Davis Jr. would sit me and my brothers in a row and lecture us. 'Don't ever do drugs,' they told us. I never forgot it. Music has been my outlet, my gift to all of the lovers in this world. Through it, my music, I know I will live forever. You have to have that tragedy, that pain to pull from. That's what makes a clown great. You can see he's hurting behind the masquerade. He's something else externally. Charles Chaplin did that so beautifully, better than anyone. I can play off those moments, too. I've been through the fire many times. I never had the chance to do the fun things kids do: sleepovers, parties, trick-or-treat. There was no Christmas, no holiday celebrating. So now you try to compensate for some of that loss. My father is a much nicer person now. I think he realizes his children are everything. Without your family, you have nothing. He's a nice human being. At one time, we'd be horrified if he just showed up. We were scared to death. He turned out really well. I wish it wasn't so late. I'm still fascinated by clouds and the sunset. I was making wishes on the rainbow yesterday. I saw the meteor shower. I made a wish every time I saw a shooting star. I have confidence in my abilities. I have real perseverance. Nothing can stop me when I put my mind to it. I never think about themes. I let the music create itself. I like it to be a potpourri of all kinds of sounds, all kinds of colors, something for everybody, from the farmer in Ireland to the lady who scrubs toilets in Harlem. I've had people come to me, and after meeting me, they start crying. I say, "Why are you crying?" They say, "Because I thought you would be stuck up, but you're the nicest person." I say, "Who gave you this judgment?" They tell me they read it. I tell them, "Don't you believe what you read." When I'm on stage, it's like a two-hour marathon. I weigh myself before and after each show, and I lose a good 10 pounds. Sweat is all over the stage. Then you get to your hotel and your adrenaline is at its zenith and you can't fall asleep. And you've got a show the next day. It's tough. [on calling himself the 'King of Pop'] I never self-proclaimed myself to be anything. If I called up Elizabeth Taylor right now, she would tell you that she coined the phrase. She was introducing me, I think at the American Music Awards, and said in her own words - it wasn't in the script - "I'm a personal fan, and in my opinion he is the king of pop, rock and soul." Then the press started saying "King of Pop" and the fans started. This self-proclaimed garbage, I don't know who said that. I sit in my room at home and sometimes cry. It's so hard to make friends. Sometimes I walk around the neighbourhood at night, just hoping to find someone to talk to. But I just end up coming home. [on being asked what he thought his funeral would be like in 2002] It's going to be the greatest show on Earth. That's what I want. Fireworks and everything. [on recording in Ireland in 2006] I've never given up on making music. Ireland has inspired me to make a great new album. If you enter this world knowing you are loved and you leave this world knowing the same, then everything that happens in between can be dealt with. I am the captain of my ship. I take suggestions and listen to what everyone has to say, but the final decision is mine. [on his father] He is a very jealous father. He isn't gonna show you love, but anybody that gets closer to us than him he would tell them, 'Leave my boys alone!' To tell you the truth, I never have felt close to him. He has always been like a mystery man. I would like some way to disappear where people don't see me anymore at some point. I don't want to grow old. I never want to look in the mirror and see that. The greatest education in the world is watching the masters at work. In a world filled with hate, we must still dare to hope. In a world filled with anger, we must still dare to comfort. In a world filled with despair, we must still dare to dream. And in a world filled with distrust, we must still dare to believe. Why can't you share your bed? The most loving thing you can do is share your bed with someone. It's very charming. It's very sweet. It's what the whole world should do. A star can never die. It just turns into a smile and melts back into the cosmic music, the dance of life. Where Are They Now (November 2003) Greatest hits compilation released on 17th November 2003, entitled "Michael Jackson: Number Ones", with one new song entitled "One More Chance". (November 2003) Arrested and charged with sexually abusing a 12-year-old boy. (February 2005) Trial for charges including molestation and intoxication of a minor begin. Expected to last at least 6 months. (June 2005) Acquitted on all charges in the child molestation and intoxication of a minor trial. (September 2005) Resides in Bahrain, a Muslim country that is located on the Southern part of Persian Gulf. (November 2006) Accepted Guinness World Record award for Greatest Album of all time, at London's Earls Court. (August 2011) Cardiff, Wales: Concert being planned to honor The King of Pop on October 8, 2011 at Millennium Stadium, featuring Aguilera, Christina, Robinson, Smokeey, Gree, Cee Lo and others. 3. Biografi Cut Nyak Dhien Cut Nyak Dien was born in Lampadang, the Kingdom of Aceh, 1848, a National Hero of Indonesia from Aceh who fought against the Dutch in Aceh War, Cut Nyak Dien was born of noble families who are religious in Aceh Besar, Mukim VI region in 1848. His father was named Lil Nanta Setia, a uleebalang Mukim VI, who is also a descendant Machmoed Sati, nomads of West Sumatra. Machmoed Sati may come to Aceh in the 18th century when the Sultanate of Aceh was ruled by Sultan Jamalul Badrul Munir. Therefore, the father of the Cut Nyak Dien is a descendant of Minangkabau. Cut Nyak Dien mother was the daughter uleebalang Lampagar. In his childhood, Cut Nyak Dien is a beautiful child. He gained his education in the field of religion (who was educated by parents or teachers of religion) and household (cooking, serving her husband, and the concerns of daily life are well educated by his parents). Many a man who likes to Cut Nyak Dien and tried to propose to her. At age 12 she was married off by her parents in 1862 with Lil Checks Lamnga Ibrahim, son of uleebalang Lamnga XIII. They have one son. On March 26, 1873, the Dutch declare war on Aceh, and began firing guns into the mainland of Aceh warship Citadel van Antwerpen. Aceh war was erupting. In the first war (1873-1874), led by Commander Aceh Polim Machmud Shah and Sultan fought against the Dutch, led Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler. At that time, the Dutch sent 3198 soldiers. Then, on 8 April 1873, the Dutch landed on the beach under the leadership Ceureumen Köhler, and immediately be able to master and burn Baiturrahman Mosque. Cut Nyak Dien who saw it shouted: "Behold, O people of Aceh!! Places of worship destroyed! Mencorengkan They have God's name! Until when are we here? Until when are we going to be a slave to the Netherlands?" The Sultanate of Aceh can win the war first. Ibrahim Lamnga who fought on the front lines again with shouts of victory, while Köhler was shot dead in April 1873. J.B. Heutsz van was watching his troops in the assault on Aceh War In 1874-1880, under the command of General Jan van Swieten, the VI can Mukim occupied the Netherlands in 1873, while the Sultan Palace fell in 1874. Cut Nyak Dien and eventually fled with her infant mothers and other groups on December 24, 1875. Her husband then fought to regain the Mukim VI. When Ibrahim Lamnga fought in GLE Tarum, he died on June 29, 1878. This makes the Cut Nyak Dien was furious and vowed to destroy the Netherlands. Teuku Umar, hero Aceh, apply Cut Nyak Dien. Cut Nyak Dien initially refused. However, because it lets her Teuku Umar to fight in the battlefield, Cut Nyak Dien and finally accepted by Teuku Umar married again in 1880. This makes the moral spirit of the growing struggle against Kaphe Ulanda Aceh (Netherlands Kafir). Later, Cut Nyak Dien and Teuku Umar had children named Cut Gambang. Continuation of the war and waged guerrilla warfare fi'sabilillah. Around the year 1875, Teuku Umar movement with close relationship with the Dutch and the Dutch getting stronger. On 30 September 1893, Teuku Umar and his troops, amounting to 250 people went to Kutaraja and "surrender" to the Dutch. The Netherlands is very pleased that a dangerous enemy willing to help them, so they provide a degree Teuku Umar Umar Teuku Johan Heroes and makes the unit commander of Dutch troops with full powers. Teuku Umar secret plan to deceive the Netherlands, although he was accused as a traitor by the people of Aceh. In fact, Cut Nyak Vanessa came to see Cut Nyak Dien and cursing him. Cut Nyak Dien try to advise him to return against the Dutch. However, Teuku Umar still keeps in touch with the Dutch. Umar then try to learn the tactics of the Netherlands, while slowly changing as many Dutch people in the unit which he mastered. When the number of people in Aceh are enough troops, Teuku Umar conduct fraudulent schemes in the Netherlands and claimed that he wanted to attack the base of Aceh. Teuku Umar and Cut Nyak Dien go with all the troops and heavy equipment, weapons, ammunition and the Netherlands, and never returned. The betrayal is called Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar (treason Teuku Umar). Teuku Umar, who betrayed the Netherlands led the Dutch angry and launched a massive operation to capture both Cut Nyak Dien and Teuku Umar. However, the rebels are now equipped with supplies from the Netherlands. They began to attack the Dutch while Gen. Van Swieten replaced. His successor, Gen.. James Ludovicius Hubertus Pel, quickly killed and Dutch troops are in chaos. Netherlands and revoke his Teuku Umar and burn his house, and is also pursuing its existence. Dien and Umar continued to pressure the Netherlands, then attacked the Banda Aceh (Kutaraja) and Meulaboh (former base Teuku Umar), so that the Dutch keep changing generals in charge. Unit "Maréchaussée" and then sent to Aceh. They were considered barbaric and extremely difficult conquered by the people of Aceh. In addition, most troops "De Marsose" is a Chinese-Ambon that destroys everything in its path. The result of this, the Dutch troops felt sympathy for the people of Aceh and Van der Heyden dissolve unit "De Marsose". The incident also led to the success of the next general because a lot of people who did not join the jihad lost their lives, and fear still exists in the population of Aceh. Gen. Joannes Benedictus van Heutsz exploit these fears and begin to hire people to spy on Acehnese rebel forces as informants so that the Dutch found the plan to attack the Teuku Umar Meulaboh on February 11, 1899. Finally, Teuku Umar fall bullet shot. As Gambang Cut, Cut Nyak Dien child, crying for his father's death, he was slapped by her mother and hugged her and said: "As a woman in Aceh, we should not shed tears in people who are martyred" Cut Nyak Dien and then led a revolt against the Dutch in rural areas of Meulaboh with his small army and tried to forget her husband. These forces continue to fight until its demise in 1901 due to the Dutch army was used to fight in the fields of Aceh. In addition, Cut Nyak Dien was getting old. Myopic eyes have started, and he was exposed to the disease gout and also the number of troops continued to decrease, as well as the difficulty of obtaining food. This makes the pity of his troops. Cut Nyak Dien's men named Pang Laot report the location of its headquarters to the Netherlands because of pity. As a result, the Dutch attacked the headquarters Cut Nyak Dien in Beutong Le Sageu. They were shocked and fighting to the death. Cut Nyak Dien captured and taken to Banda Aceh. Sumedang berdasari Dien moved to the last person to protect Dien until his death. However, Cut Nyak Dien has a myopic, so he was caught. Dien try to take rencong and try to fight the enemy. Unfortunately, the action Dhien successfully terminated by the Dutch. Cut Gambang managed to escape into the woods and continue the resistance that has been done by his father and mother. Once captured, Cut Nyak Dien taken to Banda Aceh and treated in situ. Illness such as blindness and gout gradually recovered. However, Cut Nyak Dien eventually discharged into Sumedang, West Java, the Dutch fear that his presence would create a spirit of resistance and also because he kept in touch with fighters that have not been subject to. He was taken to Sumedang along with other political prisoners and attract the attention of Aceh regent Suriaatmaja. In addition, male prisoners also expressed their concern at the Cut Nyak Dien, but the Dutch army revealed the identity of detainees is prohibited. He was arrested along with cleric named Elias, who soon realized that the Cut Nyak Dien is an expert in Islam, so he was dubbed the "Mother hilly". On 6 November 1908, Cut Nyak Dien died of old age. Tomb of "Mother hilly" newly discovered in 1959 by request of Governor of Aceh at the time, Ali Hasan. "Mother hilly" as recognized by the President of the National Hero of Indonesia through Presidential Decree No.106 of 1964 on May 2, 1964 4. biography pattimura Pattimura, real name Thomas Matulessy (born in Hualoy, Hualoy, South Seram, Maluku, June 8, 1783 - died in Ambon, Maluku, December 16, 1817 at age 34 years). He was the son of Frans Matulesi with Fransina Silahoi. As for the government's version of the Pattimura biography first published, M Sapija writes, "That the noble hero Pattimura considered derivatives and are from Nusa Ina (Seram). Father named Antoni Mattulessy he was the son of Kasimiliali Pattimura Mattulessy. The latter is the son of Sahulau king. Sahulau is the name of the person in the country which lies in a bay in South Seram ". Of written history about Pattimura M Sapija, his lieutenant is giving the Netherlands. They are not. According to historian Mansyur Suryanegara, fathers of this nation, from the point of history and anthropology, is a homo religiosa (being religious). Their belief in something beyond the reach of the power of their minds, give rise to interpretations that are difficult to digest modern ratios. Therefore, their social behavior is controlled natural forces that they fear. Their souls are united with the forces of nature, supernatural powers, a person has special supernatural powers. Miracle was then accepted as something precious and sacred events. When he was attached to someone, that person is a symbol of their strength. He is considered a leader who has charisma. The inherent properties and proceeds down through the generations. Although later they were converted, but the genealogical / pedigree / ancestry is derived leader or captain. This is where the actual title of "lieutenant" who attached themselves Pattimura it began. Before he fought against the VOC had a career in the military as a former British army sergeant. The word "Maluku" comes from the Arabic Al-Malik Al-Mulk or meaning Land of the Kings. remember at that time the number of royal In 1816 the British handed power to the Dutch and later the Dutch menetrapkan monopoly policy, a tax on land (landrente), displacement of population as well as shipping Hongi (Hongi Tochten), and I ignored the Treaty of London, among others, in article 11 contains a provision that the British Resident in Ambon have to negotiate first with the removal of Governor and koprs Ambon in the agreement also stated clearly that if the British rule ended in the Maluku Ambon the soldiers should be released in the sense that the right to choose to enter military service or out of the new government's military service, but in this army pemindahn Pratiknya forced return of Dutch colonial in 1817 got a tough challenge from the people. This is because the political, economic, and bad public relations for two centuries. The people of Maluku finally rose up in arms under the command of Kapitan Pattimura Thus at the outbreak of war against the Dutch colonialists in 1817, Patih Kings, The Kapitan, Indigenous elders and people picked it up as a leader and commander of the war as experienced and possess knights sfat (kabaressi). As a warlord, Kapitan Pattimura war strategizing with aides. As a leader he successfully coordinated Kings Patih in carrying out the activities of government, to lead the people, organize education, provide food and building fortifications. Widely recognized authority in the leadership of the King Patih and ordinary people. In the struggle against the Dutch he also seek unity with the kingdoms of Ternate and Tidore, the kings in Bali, Sulawesi and Java. Pattimura war the Dutch national was faced with a large military force and to send its own strong Buykes Admiral, one of the Commissioner-General to deal with Patimura. The great battles against the Dutch armed forces on land and in the sea coordinated Kapitan Pattimura penglimanya assisted by, among others, Melchior Kesaulya, Anthoni Rebhok, Philip Latumahina and Ulupaha. Battle that destroyed the Dutch troops recorded as the seizure Duurstede Dutch fort, the battle on the beach and jasirah Waisisil Hatawano, Ouw-Ullath, Jasirah Hitu in Ambon and Seram Island South. Pattimura war can only be stopped by political fights lamb, deceptions, and scorched earth policy by the Dutch. The hero eventually be arrested and put an end to his service on the gallows on December 16, 1817 in the city of Ambon. For the service and sacrifice, the Kapitan Pattimura confirmed as "INDEPENDENCE STRUGGLE HERO" by the government of the Republic of Indonesia ...... National Hero of Indonesia. Belief in one God is just and civilized humanity Unity of Indonesia Democracy guided by the wisdom of representative deliberation wisdom in freedom for all people of Indonesia. Statue of Pattimura Straighten out the history of Ahmad `Kapitan Pattimura 'Lussy Muslim leaders are actually named Ahmad Lussy, but he is better known as Thomas Christians Mattulessy identical. One example of this is the betrayal of the minor deislamisasi and the history of Muslim fighters in the Moluccas and / or Indonesia in general. (I told you all (that) I am a huge banyan and every large banyan banyan will fall but another will replace it (As well) I say to you all (that) I am a rock large boulders and every stone will be rolled out but others will replace it). Utterances are full of poetic imagery that is spoken by Kapitan Ahmad Lussy or known as Pattimura, the hero of the Moluccas. At that time, December 16, 1817, hanging rope was wrapped around his neck. From his words, it appears that Ahmad Lussy a high-minded patriot. He was not afraid of death threats. Steadfast character personality and self-esteem in the face of the enemy. Ahmad Lussy also seemed optimistic. But the courage and patriotism Pattimura was distorted by the government's version of history writing. M Sapija, the first historian to write a book about Pattimura, deciphering words on the edge of death by "Pattimura-old Pattimura be destroyed, but later Pattimura-Pattimura young people will rise up " But according to M Nour Tawainella, also a historian, Sapija interpretation that does not fit because of the color is too modern Indonesian grammar and cultural context different from that era. On the other hand, Sapija interpret, "Farewell my brothers and sisters", or "Good-bye-cast castings" This also refuted Tawainella. Therefore, words like that is not typical Pattimura the patriotic and optimistic. Peak Pattimura controversy about who is the mention of the name Ahmad Lussy Mattulessy Thomas, of the name of a Muslim become a Christian. Remarkably, more people believe in the Christian predicate, as is often identified with the Christian Maluku. that is the history of the debate until now. 5. (Biography of Jeanne d'Arc Women Heroes of France) - Jeanne d'Arc was born in Lorraine, France, January 6, 1412 - died in Rouen, Normandy, France, May 30, 1431 at the age of 19 years, (in English: Joan of Arc) is the hero of France and a saint (saint) in the Catholic religion. In France he was called La Pucelle, which means "the virgin" or "the virgin". He claimed to have a revelation, he believed came from God, and use it to evoke the spirit of the troops of Charles VII, to reclaim their former territory controlled by Britain and the Burgundians during the Hundred Years War. Jeanne was born in Domremy in 1412 of Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romée. His parents were farmers who own about 50 acres of land. His father also occupied a small office in local government and in charge of collecting the tax and security charge of the city. The family lived in an isolated area in the northeast region who remained loyal to France, although surrounded by Burgundian territory. Some attacks occur in childhood Jeanne, where in one attack, his village was burned. Women and Technology Jeanne admitted that he gained enlightenment (vision) first around 1424. According to him, St. Michael, St. Catherine, and St. Petersburg. Margaret told her to drive out the UK and bring the Dauphin to Reims for the anointed king. At the age of sixteen (1428), he asked one of his family, Durand Lassois, to take her to Vaucouleurs. He asked the local garrison commander, Count Robert de Baudricourt, for permission to visit the great hall at Chinon France. Baudricourt sarcastic answer his intention not shrink. He returned again in January and managed to get the support of two people: Jean de Metz and Bertrand de Poulegny. With their support, he managed to get a second chance to talk in which he managed to make predictions about the defeat at the Battle of Herrings near Orléans. Jeanne was assigned to conduct the siege of Orléans by King Charles VII as the city's liberation. He became famous for successfully ending the siege in just nine days. Other victories gained, finally managed to take the coronation of Charles VII in Reims. After the coronation, the army tried to follow the military operations, which is unfortunately less successful. Jeanne refused to back down even when he was injured while trying to grab Paris in the autumn of that year. As a result of intrigues in the palace, since he only get a small army, and finally captured the following spring in the battle at Compiègne. The Court held British political motives to charge him of heresy (heresy). English local authorities - John from Bedford - ordered to punish Jeanne with being burned alive at Rouen. He became the hero of his nation at the age of seventeen years, but died at the age of nineteen. Twenty-four years later, after the British had expelled from France, her mother - her - managed to convince the Inquisitor-General, and the Pope Kallixtus III to reopen the case of Jeanne. This process finally renders the indictment against him by the British [3]. Pope Benedict XV to the canonization of Jeanne on May 16, 1920. Jeanne is an important figure in the history or culture of the west. Since the days of Napoleon to the present, French politicians of various parties have memories of it. Many writers and composers, including Shakespeare, Voltaire, Schiller, Verdi, Tchaikovsky, Twain, Shaw, and Brecht, have created various works about him. Jeanne d'Arc died in an execution. Witnesses described the atmosphere of execution on May 30, 1431. Bound to the mast height, he asked the two officers, Martin Ladvenu and Isambart de la Pierre to hold a cross in front of him. He repeatedly said "in a loud voice calling the name of Jesus and begged and prayed ceaselessly to help saints of heaven." After death, the British people and show him to dismantle the charcoal has burned to ensure that no one can claim that he survivors of the sentence, and then burn his body to ashes again and prevent the collection of relics. They throw the ashes into the river Seine. 6. National Hero Biography: Tuanku Imam Bonjol Born: Tanjung Bunga, Pasaman, West Sumatra, 1772 Died: Manado, North Sulawesi, 8 November 1864 Tomb: Lotan, Manado Syahab real name is Muhammad. As a teenager, he used to be called by the name Peto Sharif. After studying religion in Aceh (1800-1802), he earned a base Malim. 1803, Malim returned to the Minangkabau and tongue learn to Tuanku Nan Renceh. He was the favorite disciple of Tuanku Nan Renceh.Malim knowledge bases a lot of lessons from Tuanku Nan Renceh war. Malim bases established in 1807 at the foot of the hill fort Tajadi which later was named Imam Bonjol. Since that time he was known by the name of Tuanku Imam Bonjol. At that time in Minangkabau, is a great disagreement between the Padri (the religion) to your custom. At first, these disputes involve only the customs and the vicar alone. But because of the desperate position of indigenous people, indigenous tribe and asked for help from the Netherlands. Since that time also, the Netherlands intervened in the conflict in Minangkabau. Then the Dutch began to establish in the Benten Stone Cage and in Bukit Tinggi to strengthen his position. Tuanku Imam Bonjol possess a lot of followers who made the Netherlands overwhelmed. Moreover, at the same time, the Dutch Java War that forced the Dutch felt the need to "temporary peace" with the vicar to shift power in the face of Java Java War. After the end of the war Diponegoro, the Dutch again attacked the headquarters, the headquarters of Tuanku Imam Bonjol. However, Tuanku Imam Bonjol is a powerful warlord, making the Netherlands must mobilize additional assistance and cunning tricks. So as to capture the Tuanku Imam Bonjol, Netherlands using dirty tricks by bringing seikitar conferred on Tower Hill and Ward Seven. And there is also the Tuanku Imam Bonjol arrested on October 25, 1937. Tuanku Imam Bonjol then imprisoned in Bukit Tinggi and then exiled to Ambon from Cianjur last and last in Manado. Tuanku Imam Bonjol in Manado finally died on 8 November 1864. Government and National Hero title conferred to it under Presidential Decree No. 087/TK/1973 7. National Hero Biography: dewi sartika Sartika is a warrior goddess of women education Indonesia, the national hero, as well as a role model among the Sundanese. He shared Kartini Indonesia is the leading female character. Totality in the fight for education, especially for women in government recognized and given appreciation by giving him the title of national hero since 1966. Sartika goddess is the daughter of the couple and Raden Raden Ayu Somanegara Permas. His father was a duke in Bandung. Both parents are freedom fighters who had exiled in Ternate (Maluku). Having both parents in exile, Dewi Sartika then in foster uncle (Patih Aria) who lived in Cicalengka. Biodata Dewi Sartika Raden name Dewi Sartika Date of Birth Cinean, 11 September 1947 Death Tasikmalaya, 11 September 1947 National Hero Award by the President Decree No. 152/1966 During his life, Dewi Sartika very actively fight for the fate and dignity of women. Since 1902, Dewi Sartika has pioneered education for women. In his house, Dewi Sartika teach family members and women around the various skills such as reading, writing, cooking, and sewing. On July 16, 1904, he founded the Sakola wife or a female school in Bandung. These schools became educational institutions for women who first was established in the Netherlands Indies. Sakola wife in 1913 renamed Sakola Kautamaan wife. Organization founded in 1913 Kautamaan wife in the shade Tasikmalaya schools established Sakola Kautamaan Goddess Sartika.Tahun 1929 Wife School Renamed again to David Raden and by the Dutch aroused great new building and complete. Since childhood, Dewi Sartika indeed have a soul educators. He used to teach reading and writing and practicing the Dutch-speaking children in Kepatihan aides. Learning patterns are done the way he played that he was very loved young protege. Dewi Sartika steps taken since this little broad impact that the name of Dewi Sartika widely known by the community as an educator, especially among perempuan.Dewi Sartika married in 1906, with Raden Kanduruan Agah Suriawinata who also work as educators, so they have a common vision meajukan education in their communities. After the Dutch military aggression in 1947, Dewi Sartika joined together to evacuate the fighters who continue to fight to defend freedom. When this refuge, Dewi Sartika are elderly and dies on 11 September 1947 in West Java Cinean. Tomb He then moved to London. 8. Biografi Ismail Marzuki Composer of the music maestro's legendary fighters and is awarded the title of national hero by the President, in a series of 10 November 2004 Heroes' Day at the State Palace. He was known as a fighter and nuanced character artist songwriter who can encourage the spirit of the struggle to defend freedom. Ismail Marzuki Kwitang birth village, Central Jakarta, in 1914 it created about 250 songs. His works to this day still often heard, among others Juwita Night, A pair of eye balls, Silk Scarves, Word Natural Heritage and Indonesia. In 1931, Maing-familiar greeting Ismail Marzuki, start creating the song "O Sarinah" which describes a condition of life of the oppressed nation. Songs of his creations include the Palm Island Flirt created in 1944, Autumn Flowers (1945), Halo-Halo Bandung (1946), Silk Scarves (1946), A pair of eye balls (1946), and Jasmine in the Boundary (1947). Pioneer composer who died May 25, 1958, this has given rise to the songs of heroism, that stirs the soul of nationalism. Maestro is the title music of legendary composer Indonesia fighters. Since the 1930s to the 1950s, he created about two hundred and fifty songs with various themes and genres of music are mesmerizing. Until now, the songs are still remembered for his work is timeless and continues to reverberate in the community. In the world of art music of Indonesia, the presence of this colored son of Batavia history and dynamics of the ebb and flow of the music of Indonesia. As a composer, he is known productive and good works that bear a high appreciation of the community. In music, he has the freedom of expression, free to move from one type of music to other musical genres. He also has the ability to capture the inspiration of his songs with various themes. Ismail Marzuki fascination on the sides of the romance of the struggle gave birth to the theme songs of love and struggle. Though his songs seem simple, his poems are very powerful, melodic, and have eternal value. His songs today are still alive and young and old preferred pair of eyes like balls, Silk Scarves, Jasmine at the Boundary, Aryati, Never Asked to Where I'm Going, Umbrella Fantasy, Word of Nature, Jono Lance Corporal, and Sergeant Mayorku. Awarded him the title of national hero along with five other nation's best sons, namely Maskoen Soemadiredja, Andi Mappanyukki, Raja Ali Haji, KH. Achmad Ri'fai, and Billy Mangkoepradja. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono conferred in the series Heroes Day 10 November, at the State Palace on Wednesday (10/11/2004). Ismail Marzuki was a great composer who until now may have no one to replace it. Therefore, it is worthy of respect given to him as a national hero. Ismail Marzuki's works are rich, both about the melody and lyrics. He was writing songs with a variety of colors, one keroncong, including South London at night time and the Young Heroes Welcome.