biogrphy of my idol

1. SOEKARNO AUTOBIOGRAPHY R. Soekarno1 (was born in Blitar, East Java, on June 6 1901 – died in Jakarta, on June 21 1970 in the age 69 years) was Indonesian President first that hold the office of in the period 1945 - 1966. He played the role important to liberate the Indonesian nation from the Dutch colonisation. He was the Kepancasilaan excavator. He was the Proclaimer of Indonesian Independence (was with Mohammad Hatta) that happened on August 17 1945. He published the Letter Of Instruction on March 11 1966 Supersemar that was controversial that, that it seems, including his contents was assigned Lieutenant General Soeharto to pacify and maintain his authority. But this Supersemar was misused by Lieutenant General Soeharto to undermine his authority with the road to accuse him of taking part in masterminding the Movement on September 30. The charges caused People's Consultative Assembly Sementara that his member was replaced with the person who for Soeharto, shifted the presidency to Soeharto The background and education Soekarno was born by the name of Kusno Sosrodihardjo. His father was named Raden Soekemi Sosrodihardjo, a teacher in Surabaya, Java. His mother named Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai came from Buleleng, Bali . When small Soekarno lived with his grandfather in Tulungagung, East Java. In the age 14 years, a friend of his father who was named Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto asked Soekarno to live in Surabaya and to be sent to school to Hoogere Burger School (H.B.S.) there while reciting the Koran in the Tjokroaminoto place. In Surabaya, Soekarno often met the leaders of the Islam union, the organisation that was led by Tjokroaminoto at that time. Soekarno afterwards gathered with the Jong Java organisation (the Javanese Young Man). Graduate from H.B.S. in 1920, Soekarno continued to Technische Hoge School (now ITB) in Bandung, and was finished during 1925. During in Bandung, Soekarno interacted with Tjipto Mangunkusumo and Dr. Douwes Dekker, that at that time were the leader of the National Indische Partij organisation. Soekarno's family Soekarno's wife Oetari Inggit Garnasih Fatmawati Hartini RatnaSari Dewi Soekarno (the original name: Naoko Nemoto) Haryati Soekarno sons and daughters Guruh Soekarnoputra Megawati Soekarnoputri, Republic of Indonesia President the term of office of 2001-2004 Guntur Soekarnoputra Rachmawati Soekarnoputri Sukmawati Soekarnoputri Taufan and Bayu (from the wife Hartini) Kartika Sari Dewi Soekarno (from the wife Ratna sari Dewi Soekarno Really the national movement During 1926, Soekarno established Algemene Studie Club in Bandung. This organisation became the young coconut the future Party of national Indonesia that was established during 1927. Soekarno's activity in PNI caused him to be arrested by the Netherlands in December 1929, and bring up pledoi him that was phenomenal: Indonesian Criticize, until being released again on December 31 1931. In July 1932, Soekarno gathered with the Indonesian Party (Partindo), that was the fragment of PNI. Soekarno again was arrested in August 1933, and was isolated to Flores. Here, Soekarno was almost forgotten by national leading figures. However his spirit continued to glow as being implied in each one of his letters to a Teacher the Islam Association named Ahmad Hassan. During 1938 till 1942 Soekarno was isolated to the Bengkulu Province. Soekarno just again was free in the Japanese colonisation period during 1942. Really the Japanese colonisation At the beginning of the Japanese colonisation period (1942-1945), the Japanese government had an opportunity to not pay attention to leading figures of the Indonesian movement especially to "pacify" his existence in Indonesia.This was seen in the Movement 3A with his leading figure of Shimizu and Mr. Syamsuddin that were a little unpopular. However finally, the government of the Japanese occupation pay attention to and at the same time making use of the leading figure of the Indonesian leading figure like Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta et cetera in each organisation and the agency agency to appealing the Indonesian inhabitants. Named in various organisations like Javanese Hokokai, Pusat of the Rakyat Power (Putera), BPUPKI and PPKI, the leading figure of the leading figure like Soekarno, Hatta, Ki Hajar Dewantara, K.H Mas Mansyur and so on other was talk about and seen so active. And finally national leading figures co-operated with the government of the Japanese occupation to achieve Indonesian independence, although there are those that carried out the underground movement like Sutan Syahrir and Amir Sjarifuddin because of considering Japan was the dangerous fascist. President Soekarno personally, during the speech on the opening by text reading of the proclamation of independence, said that although in fact we co-operated with Japan in fact we believed and have faith as well as relied on the strength personally. He was active in an effort to preparations for Indonesian independence, among them were to formulate Kepancasilaan, UUD 1945 and the foundation of the foundation of the Indonesian government including formulating the text of the proclamation of Independence. He could be persuaded xNP to take refuge in Rengasdengklok Peristiwa Rengasdengklok. During 1943, Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo invited the Indonesian leading figure namely Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta and Ki Bagoes Hadikoesoemo to Japan and was received directly by Emperor Hirohito. Moreover the emperor gave the empire Star (Ratna Suci) to three Indonesian leading figures. Penganugerahan Bintang made the government of the Japanese occupation most startled, because that was significant that the three Indonesian leading figures it was considered the family of Japanese Emperor personally. In August 1945, he was invited by the Marshal Terauchi, headed by the South-East Asian territory Army in Dalat Vietnam that afterwards stated that the proclamation of Indonesian independence was the people's Indonesian affair personally However his involvement in the organisation bodies of the Japanese construction made Soekarno be accused of by the Netherlands co-operating with Jepang,betwen other in the case romusha. Revolutionary war time Soekarno with national leading figures began to prepare gazed at the Proclamation of Republic of Indonesia independence. After the session of the Investigator's Body preparations efforts for Indonesian Independence BPUPKI, The Small Committee that consisted of eight people (official), the Small Committee that consisted of nine people/the Committee of nine (that produced Jakarta Charter) and the preparations Committee for Independence Indonesian PPKI, Soekarno-Hatta established the Indonesian Country was based on Kepancasilaan and UUD 1945. After meeting the Terauchi Marshal in Dalat, Vietnam, the Rengasdengklok Incident on August 16 1945 happened; Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta were persuaded xNP by the young men to take refuge in the barracks of defence troops Motherland Peta Rengasdengklok. The leading figure of the young man who persuaded in part Soekarni, Wikana, Singgih as well as Chairul Saleh. The young men demanded that Soekarno and Hatta immediately proclaimed Republic of Indonesia independence, because in Indonesia happened vacuum of the authority. This was caused because Japan has surrendered and allied troops did not yet arrive. However Soekarno, Hatta and the leading figures refused on the basis of being waiting for the clarity concerning the Japanese surrender. The other developing reason was Soekarno appointed moment exact for Republic of Indonesia independence that is chosen by him on August 17 1945 at that time coincided with the date 17 Ramadhan, the holy month of Muslim who were believed in was the date of the fall of the first revelation Muslims to the Prophet Muhammad SAW namely Al Qur-an. On August 18 1945, Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta were appointed by PPKI to Republic of Indonesia President and Vice President. On August 29 1945 the appointment became the President and Vice President was strengthened by KNIP. In on September 19 1945 Soekarno's authority could resolve without Ikada bloodshed of the field incident where 200,000 Jakarta peoples would the clash with Japanese troops that were still fully-armed. At the time of the arrival of the Ally (AFNEI) that was led by Lt Gen. Mystically Phillip Christison, Christison had finally acknowledged the Indonesian sovereignty de facto after holding the meeting with President Soekarno. President Soekarno also tried to resolve the crisis in Surabaya. However resulting from the provocation that was launched by NICA troops (the Netherlands) that followed the Ally. (was supervised by England) exploded the Incident on November 10 1945 in Surabaya and fell him Brigadier General A.W.S Mallaby. Because of many provocations in Jakarta at that time, President Soekarno had finally moved the Republic of Indonesia capital from Jakarta to Yogyakarta. Followed by the Vice President and the senior official of the other country. The position President Soekarno according to UUD 1945 was President's position as the head of government and the head of state (presidential/single the Executive). For the revolution of fredom, sistem the government changed became semi-presidential/double the Executive. President Soekarno as the Head of State and Sutan Syahrir as the Prime Minister/ Head of Government. That happened because of the existence of the announcement Vice President No X, and the announcement of the government in November 1945 about the political party. This was followed so that the Republic of Indonesia it was considered the more democratic country. Although the government's system changed, at the time of the revolution of independence, the position of President Soekarno stayed most important, especially in facing the Madiun Incident 1948 as well as during Aggression of Militer Netherlands Ii that caused President Soekarno, Vice President Mohammad Hatta and several senior officials of the country to be kept by the Netherlands. Although having the Government of the Republic of Indonesia Emergency (PDRI) with the chairman Sjafruddin Prawiranegara, but in fact the international community and the domestic situation continue to acknowledged that Soekarno-Hatta was the Indonesian leader that actually, only of his policies that could complete the Indonesia-the Netherlands dispute. 2. Biography for Michael Jackson Date of Birth 29 August 1958, Gary, Indiana, USA Date of Death 25 June 2009, Los Angeles, California, USA (homicide) Birth Name Michael Joseph Jackson Nickname The Gloved One Wacko Jacko Jacko King Of Pop MJ Smelly Applehead Mike Height 5' 11" (1.80 m) Mini Biography American superstar Michael Jackson was born in Gary, Indiana, on August 29, 1958, and entertained audiences nearly his entire life. His father, Joe Jackson, had been a guitarist but was forced to give up his musical ambitions following his marriage to Katherine (Scruse). Together they prodded their growing family's musical interests at home. By the early 1960s, the older boys Jackie, Tito and Jermaine had begun performing around the city; by 1964, Michael and Marlon had joined in. A musical prodigy, Michael's singing and dancing talents were amazingly mature, and he soon became the dominant voice and focus of The Jackson 5. An opening act for such soul groups as the O-Jays and James Brown, it was Gladys Knight (not Diana Ross) who officially brought the group to Berry Gordy's attention, and by 1969, the boys were producing back-to-back chart-busting hits as Motown artists ("I Want You Back," "ABC," "Never Can Say Goodbye," "Got to Be There," etc.). As a product of the 1970s, the boys emerged as one of the most accomplished black pop/soul vocal groups in music history, successfully evolving from a group like The Temptations to a disco phenomenon. Solo success for Michael was inevitable, and by the 1980s, he had become infinitely more popular than his brotherly group. Record sales consistently orbited, culminating in the biggest-selling album of all time, "Thriller" in 1982. A TV natural, he ventured rather uneasily into films, such as playing the Scarecrow in The Wiz (1978), but had much better luck with elaborate music videos. In the 1990s, the downside as an 1980s pop phenomenon began to rear itself. Michael grew terribly child-like and introverted by his peerless celebrity. A rather timorous, androgynous figure to begin with, his physical appearance began to change drastically, and his behavior grew alarmingly bizarre, making him a consistent target for scandal-making, despite his numerous charitable acts. Two brief marriages -- one to Elvis Presley's daughter Lisa Marie Presley -- were forged and two children produced by his second wife during that time, but the purposes behind them appeared image-oriented. Despite it all, Michael Jackson's passion and artistry as a singer, dancer, writer and businessman are unparalleled, and it is these prodigious talents that will ultimately prevail over the extremely negative aspects of his seriously troubled adult life. For it all to end on June 25, 2009, with his sudden death at age 50 of a drug-induced cardiac arrest, just as he was coming out of a four-year reclusive period and rehearsing for a sold-out London concert "comeback" in July, seems uncommonly cruel and tragic. Millions upon millions of dedicated fans will remember where they were "the day Michael died". IMDb Mini Biography By: Gary Brumburgh / gr-home@pacbell.net Spouse Debbie Rowe (14 November 1996 - 8 October 1999) (divorced) 2 children Lisa Marie Presley (26 May 1994 - 18 January 1996) (divorced) Trade Mark The Moonwalk Single sequined white glove He always wears white socks with black shoes Often wore a black hat and a jacket with a ribbon around one sleeve Lyrics reflecting his social concerns and hopes for a better world Long black hair High pitched voice The crotch grab Trivia Through his "Heal the World" Foundation, Jackson spearheaded airlifts of food and medical supplies to war-torn Sarajevo, instituted mentoring, immunization and drug-abuse education programs and paid for a Hungarian child's liver transplant. Second child, with Debbie Rowe, daughter Paris-Michael Katherine Jackson, is born. [3 April 1998] Wife, Debbie Rowe, gave birth to a son in Beverly Hills, named Michael Joseph Jackson Jr. [13 February 1997] Macaulay Culkin is godfather to his two eldest children. Married Lisa Marie Presley in La Vega, Dominican Republic, by Judge Hugo Francisco Alvarez Perez. Witnesses present were Thomas Keough and Eve Darling (Lisa Marie's ex-brother-in-law and his wife, ex-sister-in-law). [26 May 1994] Shares with Carlos Santana the record for most Grammys won in one year, with eight. First solo artist to generate four top ten hits on the Billboard charts on one album with "Off the Wall." First artist to generate seven top ten hits (USA) on one album with "Thriller." Only artist in history to generate five #1 hits (USA) from one album with "Bad." With Lionel Richie, co-wrote the song "We Are the World," and was one of its performers. His 1982 album "Thriller" is the biggest selling album of all time, with confirmed sales of over 47 million, and over an estimated 100 million copies worldwide. His 1991 album "Dangerous" is second to "Thriller" as the biggest selling album of all time, with over 20 million copies sold worldwide. His 1987 album "BAD" is third to "Thriller" as the biggest selling album of all time, with 20 million copies sold worldwide. Brother of (in this order) Rebbie Jackson, Jackie Jackson, Tito Jackson, Jermaine Jackson, La Toya Jackson, Marlon Jackson, Randy Jackson and Janet Jackson. Copied his moon walk after mime Marcel Marceau in "walk-against-the- wind" pantomime techniques. Wrote and recorded a song called "On the Line", produced by Kenneth 'Babyface' Edmonds, for the film Get on the Bus (1996) that was not included on the soundtrack for the film. The name of his 2700-acre ranch near Santa Ynez, California, is Neverland Valley Ranch. It contains Jackson's house, an amusement park co-designed by Macaulay Culkin, a private theater and dance stage, and exotic animals. He is being sued by two former financial advisors for $25 million over alleged unpaid expenses. Jackson denies owing them anything. [9 September 2001] Had a skin disease called vitiligo. Was a Jehovah's Witness. Uncle of Jermaine Jackson II, Valencia Jackson, Brittany Jackson, Marlon Jackson Jr., Stevanna Jackson. His estate contains a child's mini coaster, Zipper, Bumper cars, Merry go round, octopus, Giant slide and rocking dragon.. There is also a full size basketball court, water wars section (for water gun fights) 2 Trains, (one steam train) and a zoo where he has various exotic animals including elephants, giraffes, alligators, a tiger and even an Anaconda. He does not own the right to the entire Beatles catalogue. For example, the family of the late George Harrison own songs he wrote, including "Something," and Sony music owns 50% of the catalogue after Jackson sold it to them because he needed the money. Son of Katherine Jackson, and Joe Jackson. Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001 (as a solo artist). Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997 (as a member of the Jackson 5). Jackson shocked his fans when he dangled his third child, infant Prince Michael II, over a balcony on the fourth floor of a Berlin, Germany hotel for all hovering fans to see. He later stated that he made "a terrible mistake.". [November 2002] Starting with Black or White (1991) (V), Jackson and his record company refer to his music videos, before or since, as "short films," never "videos". Has his look-alike puppet in the French show "Les guignols de l'info" (1988). Father of Prince Michael, Prince Michael II, Paris Jackson. Is the godfather of Michael Gibb, son of The Bee Gees front man Barry Gibb. He and his lawyer, Mark Geragos, sued jet charter company XtraJet for invasion of privacy. The firm allegedly installed hidden cameras to tape the two's confidential attorney-client conversations. A California judge has barred the firm from releasing or selling any footage it may have obtained. [25 November 2003] In 2002 had planned to produce and star in the movie "The Nightmares of Edgar Allan Poe", about the last years of writer Edgar Allan Poe. He was to star as the famed 19th century author (who was Caucasian), and had written music for the film as well. For a charity event held at the Neverland Ranch in September 2003, for the first time ever, he invited an artist from the outside to perform there. It was Yannick Harrison, also known as Jay Kid, from Denmark that performed a number of his interpretations of Michael Jackson songs for the specially invited guests. Has sold over 750 million albums worldwide. Was present at the private funeral service for Maurice Gibb. He was voted the 35th Greatest Artist of all time in Rock 'n' Roll by Rolling Stone. His favorite The Beatles'' song is "Come Together" - his version of the song is on "History - Past, Present and Future.". Was found not guilty on ten counts of child molestation on 13 June 2005 due to lack of evidence. Ranked #11 in VH1's list of the "100 Greatest Kid Stars" with his brothers as the Jackson 5. He was (along with Tito Jackson) co-best man at Liza Minnelli's and David Gest's wedding. Tatum O'Neal, was Jackson's first girlfriend and allegedly his first real love. However, she denied this in her book, saying that he only kissed. His hit song "Bad" from 1987 was initially supposed to be a duet with fellow 80's superstar Prince. Prince said in an interview that he did not wish to sing the line "Your butt is mine". Ex-brother-in-law of James DeBarge. President Ronald Reagan wanted to award a special White House medal to Jackson, Bob Hope and the late John Wayne in 1984. However, future Chief Justice of the Supreme Court John Roberts advised against the proposal, saying the award was too much for a pop singer. Received a Presidential Humanitarian Award from President Ronald Reagan at the White House in May 1984, in recognition of Jackson's contribution to the government's campaign against drunk driving. "Beat It" was used in television advertisements. Jackson joined Chris Tucker, Tony Bennett, former president Bill Clinton and members of the Democratic National Committee at Harlem's Apollo Theatre in New York for a concert fundraiser. Tucker co-hosted the event with actress Cicely Tyson, while Rubén Blades, k.d. lang and Bennett performed. Jackson sang a medley of songs that included "Black or White" and "Smooth Criminal", and was joined by Jane's Addiction guitarist and former Red Hot Chili Peppers Dave Navarro for a portion of his set (24 April 2002). Attended a memorial service for the late actor Marlon Brando in August 2004, along with Warren Beatty, Jack Nicholson and Sean Penn. Addressed the Oxford Union on the subject of child welfare and his new initiative "Heal the Kids". (6 March 2001) Was asked to write and perform the songs for Batman (1989), but had to turn it down due to his concert commitments. In January 2000 Jackson announced he was considering retiring from the music industry, citing his weariness at publicity as a reason. In 1997, Jackson released an album of new material coupled with remixes of hit singles from the "HIStory" album titled "Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix". He dedicated the album to his friend Sir Elton John, who had helped him through his addiction to prescribed painkillers. It went on to sell 6 million copies worldwide, making it the biggest selling remix album of all time. His album "HIStory: Past, Present and Future - Book I" has sold 16 million copies worldwide since its release in 1995, making it the biggest selling multiple-disc album of all time. His 2001 album "Invincible" sold over 10 million copies worldwide. In January 1993 Jackson performed during the halftime show at Super Bowl XXVII. It drew the largest viewing audience in the history of American television. In a move named by Jackson's advisers as "refinancing," it was announced in April 2006 that Jackson had struck a deal with Sony and Fortress investments. In the deal Sony may be allowed to take control of half of Jackson's 50% stake in Sony/ ATV Music Publishing (worth an estimated $1 billion) which Jackson co-owns. Jackson would be left with 25% of the catalog, with the rest belonging to Sony. In exchange, Sony negotiated with a loans company on behalf of Jackson. Jackson's $200m in loans were due in December 2005 and were secured on the catalog. Jackson failed to pay and the Bank of America sold them to Fortress investments, a company dealing in distressed loans. However, Jackson hasn't as yet sold any of the remainder of his stake. The possible purchase by Sony of 25% of Sony/ATV Music Publishing is a conditional option; it is assumed the singer will try to avoid having to sell part of the catalog of songs including material by other artists such as 'Bob Dylan' and Destiny's Child. As another part of the deal Jackson was given a new $300 million loan, and a lower interest rate on the old loan to match the original Bank of America rate. When the loan was sold to Fortress investments they increased the interest rate to 20%. Winner of the Brit Award for International Male in 1989. Winner of the British Phonographic Industry Award for International Solo Artist in 1988. Winner of the British Phonographic Industry Award for International Solo Artist in 1984. Was a frequent guest at the infamous "Studio 54" On 27 May 2006, Jackson accepted a Legend Award at MTV Japan's VMA Awards in Tokyo. It was his first public appearance since being found not guilty in his child molestation trial almost a year earlier. The award was honoring his influence and impact in music videos over the past 25 years. Despite a number of surgeons' claims that Jackson has undergone multiple nasal surgeries as well as a forehead lift, thinned lips and cheekbone surgery, Jackson wrote in his 1988 autobiography "Moon Walk" that he only had two rhinoplastic surgeries and the surgical creation of a cleft in his chin, while attributing puberty and diet to the noticeable change in the structure of his face. Jackson hired film director Martin Scorsese to direct the video for the "Bad" album's title track. When the 18-minute music video debuted on television, it sparked a great deal of controversy as it was apparent that Jackson's appearance had changed dramatically. Although Jackson's skin color had been a medium- brown color for the entire duration of his youth, his skin had gradually become paler since 1982, and had now become a light brown color. This was now so noticeable that the entire press took out widespread coverage on it and claimed that Jackson had bleached his own skin. In 1993 Jackson claimed that his changing skin color is due to a skin disorder vitiligo whilst on "The Oprah Winfrey Show" (1986). Performed at the ball for President Bill Clinton's first inauguration on 20 January 1993. "Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection", his third greatest hits package in less than ten years, sold 250,000 copies worldwide following its release in October 2004. "The Essential Michael Jackson", another greatest hits package, debuted at a surprisingly high Number 2 on the UK charts and sold 200,000 copies within five months. In the United States it only reached Number 96 and soon disappeared. Recorded an anti-war song about the US invasion of Iraq, "We've Had Enough", which was included on his greatest hits package "Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection". His greatest hits compilation "Michael Jackson: Number Ones" sold 6 million copies worldwide following its release in November 2003, peaking at Number 1 in most countries except the United States. It had been planned at the last minute after "Resurrection", a follow-up to his 2001 album "Invincible", was canceled. Fortress Investment Group foreclosed and took possession of Jackson's half- interest in the Sony/ATV Music Publishing company, estimated to be worth $1 billion, as well as the entire MiJac Music Publishing company. (December 2005) Promotional videos of his songs directed by, among others, John Landis and John Singleton have cost more than some motion pictures. Paid $1.5 million in 1999 for the Best Picture Oscar awarded to David O. Selznick for Gone with the Wind (1939). Announced his intention to record a charity single dedicated to the victims of Hurricane Katrina entitled, "I Have This Dream". Ciara, Snoop Dogg, R. Kelly, Keyshia Cole, James Ingram, Michael Jackson's brother Jermaine Jackson, Shanice, the Shirley Caesar and The O'Jays all supposedly lent their voices to the charity song. At the time, Jackson's spokesperson, Raymone K. Bain, said the list of performers included Mary J. Blige, Missy 'Misdemeanor' Elliott, Jay-Z, James Brown and Lenny Kravitz. All of these artists later appeared to be no longer participating. The Katrina Charity Single remains unreleased. He was a close friend of the former child star Mark Lester. Lester is godfather to Jackson's children. Although the two had not spoken for several years before his death. He was never related to Elvis Presley by marriage since Presley died many years before his marriage to Lisa Marie. Is spoofed in Eminem's music video "Just Lose It". Jackson was fired from Two Seas Records, with whom he had signed a recording contract in April 2006 for one album. The album had been set for a fall 2007 release. (September 2006) California state authorities ordered Jackson to close the Neverland Ranch and fined him more than $100,000 for failing to pay the staff there or maintain proper insurance. (March 2006). When Jackson performed in England in 1982, he asked to meet former actor Mark Lester. "He wanted to meet someone who had a similar background, a child star," Lester said. The result was a lifelong friendship. Presented with an "Artist of the decade" award by Elizabeth Taylor in 1989, proclaiming him "the true king of pop, rock and soul". Ordered to pay Debbie Rowe $60,000 for legal fees in their battle for custody over of their two children. Los Angeles Judge Robert Schnider gave Jackson until 28 September to obey the order. Rowe had asked for $195,000, but the judge noted that she had received eight million dollars in the divorce. (6 September 2006). In October 2002 it was revealed by various international banks that Jackson was in financial debt into the tens of millions of dollars due to various unpaid loans. Some of his favorite pastimes were water balloon fights and climbing trees. He wrote several songs sitting in his favorite tree at Neverland, which he called Giving Tree, because it was so inspiring. Is portrayed by Alex Burrall and Jason Weaver in The Jacksons: An American Dream (1992) (TV). Godmother of his daughter Paris Jackson and son Prince Michael is Elizabeth Taylor. Godfather of Nicole Richie. Did not tour America after the BAD tour in 1987. Received a Special Award for a Generation at the Brit Awards in 1996. Received the World Music Award for world's best-selling album of all time, "Thriller", at the Monte Carlo Sporting Club, on 8 May 1996. Received the Diamond Award for selling more than 100 million albums at the World Music Awards in London on 15 November 2006. Ended more than a year of speculation by buying the British music publishing company ATV Music for a reported £34 million ($50 million) in August 1985. The company owned 40,000 songs, including the Northern Songs catalog which contained all The Beatles songs up to their Apple Days. Jackson outbid Coca-Cola, EMI, CBS (who thereafter looked after the catalog for Jackson) and a very disappointed Paul McCartney, who had originally tried to buy Northern Songs for £21 million ($35 million) in 1981 and then later - again unsuccessfully - in conjunction with Yoko Ono. 1st May 2001: His video for "Thriller" was voted at #1 by VH1 on their countdown of the Top 100 Greatest Videos Of All Time. At #2 was "Like A Prayer" by Madonna. Won a poll of superstars to have his image on a stamp issued by the Virgin Islands in July 1985. He asked that the Virgin Islands donated all revenue (the stamps were priced between 60 cents and $1.50) to welfare and education. Disappointed his fans by singing a few lines from "We Are the World", accompanied by a children's choir, after he had been rumored to perform his 1982 hit "Thriller" as a triumphant comeback at the World Music Awards at Earls Court, London. Jackson left the stage to audible boos from the audience - some of his fans had paid up to £500 a ticket to see him perform. (15 November 2006). Filed complaints against the Independent Television Commission and the Broadcasting Standards Commission of the UK following the documentary Living with Michael Jackson: A Tonight Special (2003) (TV). Held his first live concert in four years at Madison Square Garden, New York, in early September 2001. He was paid £10 million for two concerts. Originally intended to begin his solo career when he turned eighteen in 1976, but financial problems forced him to remain with the Jackson Five, renaming themselves The Jacksons for legals reasons, until 1979. While Jackson has claimed 104 million sales for his 1982 album "Thriller", the Guinness Book of World Records has put the figure at 51 million copies sold as of 2006. A $10 million lawsuit filed by Jackson was dismissed by a US judge. The lawsuit was filed against a man from New Jersey who was allegedly in possession of items and memorabilia that Jackson claims were stolen. (14 January 2006). In 1997 a survey declared Jackson the most famous person in the world, ahead of Pope John Paul II and then US President Bill Clinton. It is clear in the opinion of a number of plastic surgeons that Jackson has undergone extensive plastic surgery and it may be said that he is hardly recognizable as the same person he was as an adolescent, but the effectiveness of his cosmetic surgery has been hotly debated. He was the highest earning singer of 1988-1989, with $125 million from his worldwide "BAD" album tour. Honored by CBS as the "top selling act of the Eighties" in March 1990. Jackson was seen by a record 500,000 people during his seven day stand at Wembley Stadium in July 1988. Moonwalker (1988) was certified as the all-time top selling music video in March 1989. Attended James Brown's funeral in Augusta, Georgia. (30 December 2006). Inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame for his outstanding contribution to British music and integral part of British music culture. [11 November 2004] He returned to live in the United States on 24 December 2006, setting up residence in Las Vegas. On 13 June 2003, the day after his neighbor and friend of 25 years Gregory Peck died, Jackson went to Peck's house to help his widow plan the memorial service. Peck had once publicly praised the singer as a model parent. The music video for his song "Thriller" was with 13 minutes the longest music video ever, until this record was broken by Mike Skinner with the video for the song "When You Wasn't Famous". Jackson greeted thousands of US troops in a US army base south of Tokyo on 10 March 2007. About 3,000 troops and their family members gathered in a fitness center at Camp Zama. Jackson, after shaking hands with and thanking the troops personally for their service, spoke to the crowd gathered, saying, "Those of you in here today are some of the most special people in the world. It is because of you in here today, and others who so valiantly have given their lives to protect us, that we enjoy our freedom." Jackson also attended a ceremony at the camp for an army member being promoted and put a pin on his uniform. At his peak, Jackson was reportedly worth around $1 Billion. Inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2002. His 1979 debut solo album "Off the Wall" has sold around 20 million copies worldwide. His 2001 album "Invincible" was his first full album of new material for ten years, since 1991's "Dangerous". Fell out with Quincy Jones after the producer cut half the songs from his 1987 album "BAD". In a 2006 interview with "The Daily Telegraph" newspaper, Jones admitted he had not spoken to Jackson for years. Diagnosed with lupus in 1984. Claimed to have given $300 million to charity, more than any other celebrity apart from Oprah Winfrey. Former son-in-law of Priscilla Presley. Childhood school friend of David Gest. Attended the funeral of his close friend Ryan White in April 1990. Longtime supporter of AIDS research and over thirty-two more charities. In the early 1970s while still very young and a member of the Jackson 5, appeared on "The Dating Game" (1965). Roles were reversed; Michael asked questions and picked a date from three eligible "bachelorettes". Is a fan of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A special 25th anniversary edition of his 1982 album "Thriller", entitled "Thriller 25", sold an estimated 3 million copies worldwide. Upon his death, many fans left remembrances at the Hollywood star, located at 1541 Vine Street, awarded to a long time radio talk show host also named Michael Jackson. Upon hearing of this, the radio commentator said, "I am willingly loan it to him and, if it would bring him back, he can have it. He was a real star. Sinatra, Presley, The Beatles and Michael Jackson.". The Jacksons were awarded a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for Recording at 1500 Vine Street in Hollywood, California. Made an out-of-court settlement with the family of 13-year-old Jordie Chandler for an estimated $25 million in January 1994 following allegations of sexual abuse against children. Owed an estimated $435 million in debts at the time of his death. At the time of his death Jackson was living in a rented mansion once owned by the actor Sir Sean Connery in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles. His favorite movie as a child and teenager was Oliver! (1968). Celebrities provided varied comments after Jackson's sudden death. Madonna and Diana Ross released statements saying they could not stop crying. Jackson's former wife, Lisa Marie Presley, said the singer had told her he was afraid he would end up like Elvis Presley, her father. Elizabeth Taylor, a long-time friend, said she, "can't imagine life without him." Liza Minnelli told CBS, "When the autopsy comes, all hell's going to break loose, so thank God we're ­celebrating him now." Jamie Foxx, stated: "We want to celebrate this black man. He belongs to us and we shared him with everybody else.". Following his death, U.S. President Barack Obama sent a letter of condolence to the Jackson family, and during a press conference the Press Secretary Robert Gibbs said that President Obama viewed Jackson as a "spectacular performer, and a music icon". In Congress, Representatives Diane Watson and Jesse Jackson Jr. asked members to observe a moment of silence. MTV and BET began airing his music videos, and ran two news specials, until 8 p.m. EDT the following day of his death. The news of his death spread quickly online, causing websites to crash and slow down from user overload. Both TMZ and the Los Angeles Times, two websites that were the first to confirm the news, suffered outages. His death triggered an outpouring of grief. Fans gathered outside the UCLA Medical Center, his Holmby Hills home, the Apollo Theater in New York, and at Hitsville U.S.A., the old Motown headquarters in Detroit where his career began, now the Motown Museum. Streets around the hospital were blocked off, and across America people left offices and factories to watch the breaking news on television. An Amazon spokesperson said that the website sold out of all of his CDs, and those of the Jackson 5, within minutes of the news of his death breaking. He had been scheduled to perform 50 sold-out concerts to over one million people at London's O2 arena, from July 13, 2009 to March 6, 2010, which he implied during a press conference would have been the final concerts of his career. Unfortunately he passed away before he could perform any of these shows. His rehearsals for the tour were documented in This Is It (2009). On the day of Jackson's death, Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) paramedics received a 911 call at 12:21 pm (19:21 UTC), and arrived three minutes and seventeen seconds later, at which point Jackson was reportedly not breathing. The recording of the emergency call was released by the LAFD on June 27, 2009. Paramedics are reported to have wanted to pronounce him dead at the scene, but a doctor insisted he be taken to a hospital. CPR was performed on the way to the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, where they arrived at 1:14 pm (20:14 UTC), and continued for an hour. He was pronounced dead at 2:26 pm (21:26 UTC). Producer Keya Morgan gave Jackson a ring that once belonged to Marilyn Monroe. Following the week of his death, his album sales collectively spiked over 2000%. The Staples Center Michael Jackson memorial service non-performing VIP attendees included Sean Combs, Larry King, Barbara Walters, Jaleel White, Kimberly 'Lil' Kim' Jones, Spike Lee, Don King, Vicki Roberts, Nicole Richie, Dionne Warwick, Kim Kardashian, and Kris Jenner. Music website Amazon sold as many Jackson albums in the 24 hours after his death as in the previous 11 years. His gold coffin seen at his memorial is a rare design called the Promethean. It cost $25,000 and is made of solid bronze but is 14-carat gold-plated with a hand-polished mirror finish and lined with velvet. It is identical to the coffin used to bury James Brown in 2006 - which may have inspired Jackson after he saw it when Brown lay in state. His memorial service from the Staples Center on Tuesday, July 7th 2009 brought the Internet's second largest day ever in terms of total traffic. In the 1980s, Jackson and Queen lead singer Freddie Mercury became close friends and recorded three songs together - "Victory", "State of Shock" (later recorded by Mick Jagger) and "There Must Be More To Life Than This". All are demos and have never been officially released. The Elephant Man (1980) was one of his favorite movies. Spent his last days at a rented mansion at 100 North Carolwood Drive in Los Angeles. The property was once owned by Sean Connery. An Andy Warhol head-and-shoulders portrait of Jackson made the cover of Time magazine on March 19, 1984. He died on the same day as Farrah Fawcett. Both were in California at the time. She died at 9:28 a.m PDT, he was pronounced dead at 2:26 p.m. after hours of unsuccessful resuscitation. It is estimated that Michael Jackson's earnings in the six months following his death on June 25 2009 will top the entire $149 million (£90 million) made by Jimi Hendrix since he passed away in 1970. Two months after his death, just before what would be his 51st birthday, and the day of his burial, his Number Ones album surpassed Taylor Swift's highly successful album Fearless as the best selling album of 2009 at that point. He had a long standing relationship with Cherokee Studios, reaching back to his days with the Jackson 5. It was during an early Jackson 5 recording session at Cherokee that Shelley Berger, longtime Motown Manager, first realized his talent, telling Rolling Stone Magazine he would be "the new Sammy Davis." Later, he came back to Cherokee to record his multi platinum breakout solo Album Off the Wall. His relationship with Cherokee continued throughout his solo career, culminating in the recording of what went on to become the best selling album of all time, Thriller (109 million albums sold worldwide). Holds 10 different Guinness World Records. In 1991, Sony Pictures Entertainment announced a top secret film project called "MidKnight" which would star Jackson as meek young man by day, who secretly changes into a heroic singing and dancing knight at the stroke of midnight. The film was part of Jackson's $1 billion re-up with Sony Music. But the project fell apart due to contractual issues as well as the 1993 child molestation allegations. Jackson received his very first screen kiss in the John Singleton-directed music video, "Remember the Time" (1992), when he kissed Iman (playing Queen Nefertiti to Eddie Murphy's Pharaoh). Achieved the dubious distinction in 2009 of meriting the number three position on Forbes magazine's list of "Top-Earning Dead Celebrities". Jackson's posthumous earnings of $90 million were surpassed only by Yves Saint-Laurent and Richard Rodgers and 'Oscar Hammerstein (II)' (as Rodgers & Hammerstein). Kept a pet chimpanzee, Bubbles. Jackson's music video "Liberian Girl" (1989) comprises what is arguably the most star-studded ensemble of cameos in pop music history. In order of appearance are: Beverly Johnson, Malcolm-Jamal Warner, Sherman Hemsley, Brigitte Nielsen, Paula Abdul, Carl Weathers, Whoopi Goldberg, Quincy Jones, Jackie Collins, Amy Irving, Jasmine Guy, Rosanna Arquette, Billy Dee Williams, Lou Diamond Phillips, Olivia Newton-John, John Travolta, Corey Feldman, Steven Spielberg, Deborah Gibson, Ricky Schroder, Blair Underwood, 'Weird Al' Yankovic, Bubbles, Suzanne Somers, Lou Ferrigno, Don King (and "Son"), Mayim Bialik, Virginia Madsen, David Copperfield, Emily and Richard Dreyfuss, Danny Glover, Olivia Hussey, Dan Aykroyd and Steve Guttenberg. Jackson appears only at the very end manning a camera on a crane. Directed by James Yukich. Ever since he was a boy, Michael Jackson was a fan of the Three Stooges, especially Curly Howard. In fact, for the Curly biography "Curly: An Illustrated Biography of the Superstooge" (Citadel Press, 1985), written by Curly's niece Joan Howard Maurer, Michael wrote the Foreward. The irony here is that both men died at roughly the same age: Curly at forty-eight, Michael at fifty. Fan of Fulham Football Club (English Premier League soccer club), based at Craven Cottage, Fulham, London, England. Fellow fans include Elizabeth Hurley, Lily Allen, Hugh Grant, Pierce Brosnan, Hugh Laurie, Benicio Del Toro, Daniel Radcliffe and Andrew Johnston. Performed live with Britney Spears in September, 2001. Together they performed Jackson's song "The Way You Make Me Feel" at the Michael Jackson: 30th Anniversary Special in Madison Square Garden. This was Jackson's last live performance of the song in front of an audience. Michael Jackson did sketches and drawings. Personal Quotes I can't think of a better way to spread the message of world peace than by working with the NFL and being part of Super Bowl XXVII. I don't like pop music. I'll always be Peter Pan in my heart. People think they know me, but they don't. Not really. Actually, I am one of the loneliest people on this earth. I cry sometimes, because it hurts. It does. To be honest, I guess you could say that it hurts to be me. "Just because you read it in a magazine or see it on a TV screen doesn't make it factual. To buy it is to feed it." - about tabloid magazines. I made a terrible mistake. I got caught up in the excitement of the moment. I would never intentionally endanger the lives of my children. "You ain't seen nothing yet, and the best is yet to come." (1999) There is a lot of sadness in my past life. My father beat me. It was difficult to take being beaten and then going on stage. He was strict; very hard and stern. Elizabeth Taylor used to feed me, to hand-feed me, at times. Please, I don't want anybody to think I'm starving, I'm not. My health is perfect, actually. I just want to say to fans in every corner of the earth, every nationality, every race, every language: I love you from the bottom of my heart. I would love your prayers and your goodwill, and please be patient and be with me and believe in me because I am completely, completely innocent. But please know a lot of conspiracy is going on as we speak. Marlon Brando has been pushing. He's a wonderful man. He's a god. He wants a lot of money. He wants to get things done right now. - On a video about acting which he was planning to make with Brando in 2001 Elizabeth Taylor is a warm cuddly blanket that I love to snuggle up to and cover myself with. I can confide in her and trust her. She's Mother Teresa, Princess Diana, the Queen of England, and Wendy. I trusted Martin Bashir to come into my life and that of my family because I wanted the truth to be told. Martin Bashir persuaded me to trust him that his would be an honest and fair portrayal of my life and told me that he was the man that turned Diana's life around. I am surprised that a professional journalist would compromise his integrity by deceiving me in this way. Today I feel more betrayed than perhaps ever before; that someone, who had got to know my children, my staff and me, whom I let into my heart and told the truth, could then sacrifice the trust I placed in him and produce this terrible and unfair programme. Everyone who knows me will know the truth which is that my children come first in my life and that I would never harm any child. I also want to thank my fans around the world for the overwhelming number of messages of support that I have received, particularly from Great Britain, where people have e-mailed me and said how appalled they were by the Bashir film. Their love and support has touched me greatly. I was coming out of the shower and I fell and all my body weight - I'm pretty fragile - all my body weight fell against my rib cage. And I bruised my lung very badly. I love my children. I was holding my son tight. Why would I throw a baby off the balcony? That's the dumbest, stupidest story I ever heard. I think that it's demeaning and disrespectful but I also want to make it clear it's not just about me but a pattern of disrespect that he has shown to our community. He needs to stop it and he needs to stop it now. - On Eminem's video for "Just Lose It I have spent my entire life helping millions of children across the world. I would never harm a child. It is unfortunate that some individuals have seen fit to come forward and make a complaint that is completely false. Years ago, I settled with certain individuals because I was concerned about my family and the media scrutiny that would have ensued if I fought the matter in court. These people wanted to exploit my concern for children by threatening to destroy what I believe in and what I do. I have been a vulnerable target for those who want money. I am always writing a potpourri of music. I want to give the world escapism through the wonder of great music and to reach the masses. I'm a visionary and a creative person. God blessed me with certain talents. I hate to use an analogy, but Walt Disney was creative but not good with business. His brother Roy handled the books. He loved creating family-oriented entertainment and so do I. I feel that was a gift and I have that gift also. I'm very honored to have been chosen. "When I saw him move I was mesmerized. I've never seen a performer perform like James Brown and right then and there I knew that that was what I wanted to do for the rest of my life. Success definitely brings on loneliness. People think you're lucky, that you have everything. They think you can go anywhere and do anything, but that's not the point. One hungers for the basic stuff. My father was a management genius. But what I really wanted was a dad. I've been in the entertainment industry since I was six-years-old ... As Charles Dickens says, 'It's been the best of times, the worst of times.' But I would not change my career ... While some have made deliberate attempts to hurt me, I take it in stride because I have a loving family, a strong faith and wonderful friends and fans who have, and continue, to support me. (2007) [on his career] It all went by so fast, didn't it? I wish I could do it all over again, I really do. [on refuting persistent rumors of skin surgery or bleaching] If I had a chance to talk to Michelangelo, I would ask him what inspired him to become who he is, the anatomy of his craftsmanship, not about who he dated last night or why he decided to sit out in the sun so long. When I was 16, we were doing Las Vegas every night, and Elvis Presley and Sammy Davis Jr. would sit me and my brothers in a row and lecture us. 'Don't ever do drugs,' they told us. I never forgot it. Music has been my outlet, my gift to all of the lovers in this world. Through it, my music, I know I will live forever. You have to have that tragedy, that pain to pull from. That's what makes a clown great. You can see he's hurting behind the masquerade. He's something else externally. Charles Chaplin did that so beautifully, better than anyone. I can play off those moments, too. I've been through the fire many times. I never had the chance to do the fun things kids do: sleepovers, parties, trick-or-treat. There was no Christmas, no holiday celebrating. So now you try to compensate for some of that loss. My father is a much nicer person now. I think he realizes his children are everything. Without your family, you have nothing. He's a nice human being. At one time, we'd be horrified if he just showed up. We were scared to death. He turned out really well. I wish it wasn't so late. I'm still fascinated by clouds and the sunset. I was making wishes on the rainbow yesterday. I saw the meteor shower. I made a wish every time I saw a shooting star. I have confidence in my abilities. I have real perseverance. Nothing can stop me when I put my mind to it. I never think about themes. I let the music create itself. I like it to be a potpourri of all kinds of sounds, all kinds of colors, something for everybody, from the farmer in Ireland to the lady who scrubs toilets in Harlem. I've had people come to me, and after meeting me, they start crying. I say, "Why are you crying?" They say, "Because I thought you would be stuck up, but you're the nicest person." I say, "Who gave you this judgment?" They tell me they read it. I tell them, "Don't you believe what you read." When I'm on stage, it's like a two-hour marathon. I weigh myself before and after each show, and I lose a good 10 pounds. Sweat is all over the stage. Then you get to your hotel and your adrenaline is at its zenith and you can't fall asleep. And you've got a show the next day. It's tough. [on calling himself the 'King of Pop'] I never self-proclaimed myself to be anything. If I called up Elizabeth Taylor right now, she would tell you that she coined the phrase. She was introducing me, I think at the American Music Awards, and said in her own words - it wasn't in the script - "I'm a personal fan, and in my opinion he is the king of pop, rock and soul." Then the press started saying "King of Pop" and the fans started. This self-proclaimed garbage, I don't know who said that. I sit in my room at home and sometimes cry. It's so hard to make friends. Sometimes I walk around the neighbourhood at night, just hoping to find someone to talk to. But I just end up coming home. [on being asked what he thought his funeral would be like in 2002] It's going to be the greatest show on Earth. That's what I want. Fireworks and everything. [on recording in Ireland in 2006] I've never given up on making music. Ireland has inspired me to make a great new album. If you enter this world knowing you are loved and you leave this world knowing the same, then everything that happens in between can be dealt with. I am the captain of my ship. I take suggestions and listen to what everyone has to say, but the final decision is mine. [on his father] He is a very jealous father. He isn't gonna show you love, but anybody that gets closer to us than him he would tell them, 'Leave my boys alone!' To tell you the truth, I never have felt close to him. He has always been like a mystery man. I would like some way to disappear where people don't see me anymore at some point. I don't want to grow old. I never want to look in the mirror and see that. The greatest education in the world is watching the masters at work. In a world filled with hate, we must still dare to hope. In a world filled with anger, we must still dare to comfort. In a world filled with despair, we must still dare to dream. And in a world filled with distrust, we must still dare to believe. Why can't you share your bed? The most loving thing you can do is share your bed with someone. It's very charming. It's very sweet. It's what the whole world should do. A star can never die. It just turns into a smile and melts back into the cosmic music, the dance of life. Where Are They Now (November 2003) Greatest hits compilation released on 17th November 2003, entitled "Michael Jackson: Number Ones", with one new song entitled "One More Chance". (November 2003) Arrested and charged with sexually abusing a 12-year-old boy. (February 2005) Trial for charges including molestation and intoxication of a minor begin. Expected to last at least 6 months. (June 2005) Acquitted on all charges in the child molestation and intoxication of a minor trial. (September 2005) Resides in Bahrain, a Muslim country that is located on the Southern part of Persian Gulf. (November 2006) Accepted Guinness World Record award for Greatest Album of all time, at London's Earls Court. (August 2011) Cardiff, Wales: Concert being planned to honor The King of Pop on October 8, 2011 at Millennium Stadium, featuring Aguilera, Christina, Robinson, Smokeey, Gree, Cee Lo and others. 3. Biografi Cut Nyak Dhien Cut Nyak Dien was born in Lampadang, the Kingdom of Aceh, 1848, a National Hero of Indonesia from Aceh who fought against the Dutch in Aceh War, Cut Nyak Dien was born of noble families who are religious in Aceh Besar, Mukim VI region in 1848. His father was named Lil Nanta Setia, a uleebalang Mukim VI, who is also a descendant Machmoed Sati, nomads of West Sumatra. Machmoed Sati may come to Aceh in the 18th century when the Sultanate of Aceh was ruled by Sultan Jamalul Badrul Munir. Therefore, the father of the Cut Nyak Dien is a descendant of Minangkabau. Cut Nyak Dien mother was the daughter uleebalang Lampagar. In his childhood, Cut Nyak Dien is a beautiful child. He gained his education in the field of religion (who was educated by parents or teachers of religion) and household (cooking, serving her husband, and the concerns of daily life are well educated by his parents). Many a man who likes to Cut Nyak Dien and tried to propose to her. At age 12 she was married off by her parents in 1862 with Lil Checks Lamnga Ibrahim, son of uleebalang Lamnga XIII. They have one son. On March 26, 1873, the Dutch declare war on Aceh, and began firing guns into the mainland of Aceh warship Citadel van Antwerpen. Aceh war was erupting. In the first war (1873-1874), led by Commander Aceh Polim Machmud Shah and Sultan fought against the Dutch, led Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler. At that time, the Dutch sent 3198 soldiers. Then, on 8 April 1873, the Dutch landed on the beach under the leadership Ceureumen Köhler, and immediately be able to master and burn Baiturrahman Mosque. Cut Nyak Dien who saw it shouted: "Behold, O people of Aceh!! Places of worship destroyed! Mencorengkan They have God's name! Until when are we here? Until when are we going to be a slave to the Netherlands?" The Sultanate of Aceh can win the war first. Ibrahim Lamnga who fought on the front lines again with shouts of victory, while Köhler was shot dead in April 1873. J.B. Heutsz van was watching his troops in the assault on Aceh War In 1874-1880, under the command of General Jan van Swieten, the VI can Mukim occupied the Netherlands in 1873, while the Sultan Palace fell in 1874. Cut Nyak Dien and eventually fled with her infant mothers and other groups on December 24, 1875. Her husband then fought to regain the Mukim VI. When Ibrahim Lamnga fought in GLE Tarum, he died on June 29, 1878. This makes the Cut Nyak Dien was furious and vowed to destroy the Netherlands. Teuku Umar, hero Aceh, apply Cut Nyak Dien. Cut Nyak Dien initially refused. However, because it lets her Teuku Umar to fight in the battlefield, Cut Nyak Dien and finally accepted by Teuku Umar married again in 1880. This makes the moral spirit of the growing struggle against Kaphe Ulanda Aceh (Netherlands Kafir). Later, Cut Nyak Dien and Teuku Umar had children named Cut Gambang. Continuation of the war and waged guerrilla warfare fi'sabilillah. Around the year 1875, Teuku Umar movement with close relationship with the Dutch and the Dutch getting stronger. On 30 September 1893, Teuku Umar and his troops, amounting to 250 people went to Kutaraja and "surrender" to the Dutch. The Netherlands is very pleased that a dangerous enemy willing to help them, so they provide a degree Teuku Umar Umar Teuku Johan Heroes and makes the unit commander of Dutch troops with full powers. Teuku Umar secret plan to deceive the Netherlands, although he was accused as a traitor by the people of Aceh. In fact, Cut Nyak Vanessa came to see Cut Nyak Dien and cursing him. Cut Nyak Dien try to advise him to return against the Dutch. However, Teuku Umar still keeps in touch with the Dutch. Umar then try to learn the tactics of the Netherlands, while slowly changing as many Dutch people in the unit which he mastered. When the number of people in Aceh are enough troops, Teuku Umar conduct fraudulent schemes in the Netherlands and claimed that he wanted to attack the base of Aceh. Teuku Umar and Cut Nyak Dien go with all the troops and heavy equipment, weapons, ammunition and the Netherlands, and never returned. The betrayal is called Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar (treason Teuku Umar). Teuku Umar, who betrayed the Netherlands led the Dutch angry and launched a massive operation to capture both Cut Nyak Dien and Teuku Umar. However, the rebels are now equipped with supplies from the Netherlands. They began to attack the Dutch while Gen. Van Swieten replaced. His successor, Gen.. James Ludovicius Hubertus Pel, quickly killed and Dutch troops are in chaos. Netherlands and revoke his Teuku Umar and burn his house, and is also pursuing its existence. Dien and Umar continued to pressure the Netherlands, then attacked the Banda Aceh (Kutaraja) and Meulaboh (former base Teuku Umar), so that the Dutch keep changing generals in charge. Unit "Maréchaussée" and then sent to Aceh. They were considered barbaric and extremely difficult conquered by the people of Aceh. In addition, most troops "De Marsose" is a Chinese-Ambon that destroys everything in its path. The result of this, the Dutch troops felt sympathy for the people of Aceh and Van der Heyden dissolve unit "De Marsose". The incident also led to the success of the next general because a lot of people who did not join the jihad lost their lives, and fear still exists in the population of Aceh. Gen. Joannes Benedictus van Heutsz exploit these fears and begin to hire people to spy on Acehnese rebel forces as informants so that the Dutch found the plan to attack the Teuku Umar Meulaboh on February 11, 1899. Finally, Teuku Umar fall bullet shot. As Gambang Cut, Cut Nyak Dien child, crying for his father's death, he was slapped by her mother and hugged her and said: "As a woman in Aceh, we should not shed tears in people who are martyred" Cut Nyak Dien and then led a revolt against the Dutch in rural areas of Meulaboh with his small army and tried to forget her husband. These forces continue to fight until its demise in 1901 due to the Dutch army was used to fight in the fields of Aceh. In addition, Cut Nyak Dien was getting old. Myopic eyes have started, and he was exposed to the disease gout and also the number of troops continued to decrease, as well as the difficulty of obtaining food. This makes the pity of his troops. Cut Nyak Dien's men named Pang Laot report the location of its headquarters to the Netherlands because of pity. As a result, the Dutch attacked the headquarters Cut Nyak Dien in Beutong Le Sageu. They were shocked and fighting to the death. Cut Nyak Dien captured and taken to Banda Aceh. Sumedang berdasari Dien moved to the last person to protect Dien until his death. However, Cut Nyak Dien has a myopic, so he was caught. Dien try to take rencong and try to fight the enemy. Unfortunately, the action Dhien successfully terminated by the Dutch. Cut Gambang managed to escape into the woods and continue the resistance that has been done by his father and mother. Once captured, Cut Nyak Dien taken to Banda Aceh and treated in situ. Illness such as blindness and gout gradually recovered. However, Cut Nyak Dien eventually discharged into Sumedang, West Java, the Dutch fear that his presence would create a spirit of resistance and also because he kept in touch with fighters that have not been subject to. He was taken to Sumedang along with other political prisoners and attract the attention of Aceh regent Suriaatmaja. In addition, male prisoners also expressed their concern at the Cut Nyak Dien, but the Dutch army revealed the identity of detainees is prohibited. He was arrested along with cleric named Elias, who soon realized that the Cut Nyak Dien is an expert in Islam, so he was dubbed the "Mother hilly". On 6 November 1908, Cut Nyak Dien died of old age. Tomb of "Mother hilly" newly discovered in 1959 by request of Governor of Aceh at the time, Ali Hasan. "Mother hilly" as recognized by the President of the National Hero of Indonesia through Presidential Decree No.106 of 1964 on May 2, 1964 4. biography pattimura Pattimura, real name Thomas Matulessy (born in Hualoy, Hualoy, South Seram, Maluku, June 8, 1783 - died in Ambon, Maluku, December 16, 1817 at age 34 years). He was the son of Frans Matulesi with Fransina Silahoi. As for the government's version of the Pattimura biography first published, M Sapija writes, "That the noble hero Pattimura considered derivatives and are from Nusa Ina (Seram). Father named Antoni Mattulessy he was the son of Kasimiliali Pattimura Mattulessy. The latter is the son of Sahulau king. Sahulau is the name of the person in the country which lies in a bay in South Seram ". Of written history about Pattimura M Sapija, his lieutenant is giving the Netherlands. They are not. According to historian Mansyur Suryanegara, fathers of this nation, from the point of history and anthropology, is a homo religiosa (being religious). Their belief in something beyond the reach of the power of their minds, give rise to interpretations that are difficult to digest modern ratios. Therefore, their social behavior is controlled natural forces that they fear. Their souls are united with the forces of nature, supernatural powers, a person has special supernatural powers. Miracle was then accepted as something precious and sacred events. When he was attached to someone, that person is a symbol of their strength. He is considered a leader who has charisma. The inherent properties and proceeds down through the generations. Although later they were converted, but the genealogical / pedigree / ancestry is derived leader or captain. This is where the actual title of "lieutenant" who attached themselves Pattimura it began. Before he fought against the VOC had a career in the military as a former British army sergeant. The word "Maluku" comes from the Arabic Al-Malik Al-Mulk or meaning Land of the Kings. remember at that time the number of royal In 1816 the British handed power to the Dutch and later the Dutch menetrapkan monopoly policy, a tax on land (landrente), displacement of population as well as shipping Hongi (Hongi Tochten), and I ignored the Treaty of London, among others, in article 11 contains a provision that the British Resident in Ambon have to negotiate first with the removal of Governor and koprs Ambon in the agreement also stated clearly that if the British rule ended in the Maluku Ambon the soldiers should be released in the sense that the right to choose to enter military service or out of the new government's military service, but in this army pemindahn Pratiknya forced return of Dutch colonial in 1817 got a tough challenge from the people. This is because the political, economic, and bad public relations for two centuries. The people of Maluku finally rose up in arms under the command of Kapitan Pattimura Thus at the outbreak of war against the Dutch colonialists in 1817, Patih Kings, The Kapitan, Indigenous elders and people picked it up as a leader and commander of the war as experienced and possess knights sfat (kabaressi). As a warlord, Kapitan Pattimura war strategizing with aides. As a leader he successfully coordinated Kings Patih in carrying out the activities of government, to lead the people, organize education, provide food and building fortifications. Widely recognized authority in the leadership of the King Patih and ordinary people. In the struggle against the Dutch he also seek unity with the kingdoms of Ternate and Tidore, the kings in Bali, Sulawesi and Java. Pattimura war the Dutch national was faced with a large military force and to send its own strong Buykes Admiral, one of the Commissioner-General to deal with Patimura. The great battles against the Dutch armed forces on land and in the sea coordinated Kapitan Pattimura penglimanya assisted by, among others, Melchior Kesaulya, Anthoni Rebhok, Philip Latumahina and Ulupaha. Battle that destroyed the Dutch troops recorded as the seizure Duurstede Dutch fort, the battle on the beach and jasirah Waisisil Hatawano, Ouw-Ullath, Jasirah Hitu in Ambon and Seram Island South. Pattimura war can only be stopped by political fights lamb, deceptions, and scorched earth policy by the Dutch. The hero eventually be arrested and put an end to his service on the gallows on December 16, 1817 in the city of Ambon. For the service and sacrifice, the Kapitan Pattimura confirmed as "INDEPENDENCE STRUGGLE HERO" by the government of the Republic of Indonesia ...... National Hero of Indonesia. Belief in one God is just and civilized humanity Unity of Indonesia Democracy guided by the wisdom of representative deliberation wisdom in freedom for all people of Indonesia. Statue of Pattimura Straighten out the history of Ahmad `Kapitan Pattimura 'Lussy Muslim leaders are actually named Ahmad Lussy, but he is better known as Thomas Christians Mattulessy identical. One example of this is the betrayal of the minor deislamisasi and the history of Muslim fighters in the Moluccas and / or Indonesia in general. (I told you all (that) I am a huge banyan and every large banyan banyan will fall but another will replace it (As well) I say to you all (that) I am a rock large boulders and every stone will be rolled out but others will replace it). Utterances are full of poetic imagery that is spoken by Kapitan Ahmad Lussy or known as Pattimura, the hero of the Moluccas. At that time, December 16, 1817, hanging rope was wrapped around his neck. From his words, it appears that Ahmad Lussy a high-minded patriot. He was not afraid of death threats. Steadfast character personality and self-esteem in the face of the enemy. Ahmad Lussy also seemed optimistic. But the courage and patriotism Pattimura was distorted by the government's version of history writing. M Sapija, the first historian to write a book about Pattimura, deciphering words on the edge of death by "Pattimura-old Pattimura be destroyed, but later Pattimura-Pattimura young people will rise up " But according to M Nour Tawainella, also a historian, Sapija interpretation that does not fit because of the color is too modern Indonesian grammar and cultural context different from that era. On the other hand, Sapija interpret, "Farewell my brothers and sisters", or "Good-bye-cast castings" This also refuted Tawainella. Therefore, words like that is not typical Pattimura the patriotic and optimistic. Peak Pattimura controversy about who is the mention of the name Ahmad Lussy Mattulessy Thomas, of the name of a Muslim become a Christian. Remarkably, more people believe in the Christian predicate, as is often identified with the Christian Maluku. that is the history of the debate until now. 5. (Biography of Jeanne d'Arc Women Heroes of France) - Jeanne d'Arc was born in Lorraine, France, January 6, 1412 - died in Rouen, Normandy, France, May 30, 1431 at the age of 19 years, (in English: Joan of Arc) is the hero of France and a saint (saint) in the Catholic religion. In France he was called La Pucelle, which means "the virgin" or "the virgin". He claimed to have a revelation, he believed came from God, and use it to evoke the spirit of the troops of Charles VII, to reclaim their former territory controlled by Britain and the Burgundians during the Hundred Years War. Jeanne was born in Domremy in 1412 of Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romée. His parents were farmers who own about 50 acres of land. His father also occupied a small office in local government and in charge of collecting the tax and security charge of the city. The family lived in an isolated area in the northeast region who remained loyal to France, although surrounded by Burgundian territory. Some attacks occur in childhood Jeanne, where in one attack, his village was burned. Women and Technology Jeanne admitted that he gained enlightenment (vision) first around 1424. According to him, St. Michael, St. Catherine, and St. Petersburg. Margaret told her to drive out the UK and bring the Dauphin to Reims for the anointed king. At the age of sixteen (1428), he asked one of his family, Durand Lassois, to take her to Vaucouleurs. He asked the local garrison commander, Count Robert de Baudricourt, for permission to visit the great hall at Chinon France. Baudricourt sarcastic answer his intention not shrink. He returned again in January and managed to get the support of two people: Jean de Metz and Bertrand de Poulegny. With their support, he managed to get a second chance to talk in which he managed to make predictions about the defeat at the Battle of Herrings near Orléans. Jeanne was assigned to conduct the siege of Orléans by King Charles VII as the city's liberation. He became famous for successfully ending the siege in just nine days. Other victories gained, finally managed to take the coronation of Charles VII in Reims. After the coronation, the army tried to follow the military operations, which is unfortunately less successful. Jeanne refused to back down even when he was injured while trying to grab Paris in the autumn of that year. As a result of intrigues in the palace, since he only get a small army, and finally captured the following spring in the battle at Compiègne. The Court held British political motives to charge him of heresy (heresy). English local authorities - John from Bedford - ordered to punish Jeanne with being burned alive at Rouen. He became the hero of his nation at the age of seventeen years, but died at the age of nineteen. Twenty-four years later, after the British had expelled from France, her mother - her - managed to convince the Inquisitor-General, and the Pope Kallixtus III to reopen the case of Jeanne. This process finally renders the indictment against him by the British [3]. Pope Benedict XV to the canonization of Jeanne on May 16, 1920. Jeanne is an important figure in the history or culture of the west. Since the days of Napoleon to the present, French politicians of various parties have memories of it. Many writers and composers, including Shakespeare, Voltaire, Schiller, Verdi, Tchaikovsky, Twain, Shaw, and Brecht, have created various works about him. Jeanne d'Arc died in an execution. Witnesses described the atmosphere of execution on May 30, 1431. Bound to the mast height, he asked the two officers, Martin Ladvenu and Isambart de la Pierre to hold a cross in front of him. He repeatedly said "in a loud voice calling the name of Jesus and begged and prayed ceaselessly to help saints of heaven." After death, the British people and show him to dismantle the charcoal has burned to ensure that no one can claim that he survivors of the sentence, and then burn his body to ashes again and prevent the collection of relics. They throw the ashes into the river Seine. 6. National Hero Biography: Tuanku Imam Bonjol Born: Tanjung Bunga, Pasaman, West Sumatra, 1772 Died: Manado, North Sulawesi, 8 November 1864 Tomb: Lotan, Manado Syahab real name is Muhammad. As a teenager, he used to be called by the name Peto Sharif. After studying religion in Aceh (1800-1802), he earned a base Malim. 1803, Malim returned to the Minangkabau and tongue learn to Tuanku Nan Renceh. He was the favorite disciple of Tuanku Nan Renceh.Malim knowledge bases a lot of lessons from Tuanku Nan Renceh war. Malim bases established in 1807 at the foot of the hill fort Tajadi which later was named Imam Bonjol. Since that time he was known by the name of Tuanku Imam Bonjol. At that time in Minangkabau, is a great disagreement between the Padri (the religion) to your custom. At first, these disputes involve only the customs and the vicar alone. But because of the desperate position of indigenous people, indigenous tribe and asked for help from the Netherlands. Since that time also, the Netherlands intervened in the conflict in Minangkabau. Then the Dutch began to establish in the Benten Stone Cage and in Bukit Tinggi to strengthen his position. Tuanku Imam Bonjol possess a lot of followers who made the Netherlands overwhelmed. Moreover, at the same time, the Dutch Java War that forced the Dutch felt the need to "temporary peace" with the vicar to shift power in the face of Java Java War. After the end of the war Diponegoro, the Dutch again attacked the headquarters, the headquarters of Tuanku Imam Bonjol. However, Tuanku Imam Bonjol is a powerful warlord, making the Netherlands must mobilize additional assistance and cunning tricks. So as to capture the Tuanku Imam Bonjol, Netherlands using dirty tricks by bringing seikitar conferred on Tower Hill and Ward Seven. And there is also the Tuanku Imam Bonjol arrested on October 25, 1937. Tuanku Imam Bonjol then imprisoned in Bukit Tinggi and then exiled to Ambon from Cianjur last and last in Manado. Tuanku Imam Bonjol in Manado finally died on 8 November 1864. Government and National Hero title conferred to it under Presidential Decree No. 087/TK/1973 7. National Hero Biography: dewi sartika Sartika is a warrior goddess of women education Indonesia, the national hero, as well as a role model among the Sundanese. He shared Kartini Indonesia is the leading female character. Totality in the fight for education, especially for women in government recognized and given appreciation by giving him the title of national hero since 1966. Sartika goddess is the daughter of the couple and Raden Raden Ayu Somanegara Permas. His father was a duke in Bandung. Both parents are freedom fighters who had exiled in Ternate (Maluku). Having both parents in exile, Dewi Sartika then in foster uncle (Patih Aria) who lived in Cicalengka. Biodata Dewi Sartika Raden name Dewi Sartika Date of Birth Cinean, 11 September 1947 Death Tasikmalaya, 11 September 1947 National Hero Award by the President Decree No. 152/1966 During his life, Dewi Sartika very actively fight for the fate and dignity of women. Since 1902, Dewi Sartika has pioneered education for women. In his house, Dewi Sartika teach family members and women around the various skills such as reading, writing, cooking, and sewing. On July 16, 1904, he founded the Sakola wife or a female school in Bandung. These schools became educational institutions for women who first was established in the Netherlands Indies. Sakola wife in 1913 renamed Sakola Kautamaan wife. Organization founded in 1913 Kautamaan wife in the shade Tasikmalaya schools established Sakola Kautamaan Goddess Sartika.Tahun 1929 Wife School Renamed again to David Raden and by the Dutch aroused great new building and complete. Since childhood, Dewi Sartika indeed have a soul educators. He used to teach reading and writing and practicing the Dutch-speaking children in Kepatihan aides. Learning patterns are done the way he played that he was very loved young protege. Dewi Sartika steps taken since this little broad impact that the name of Dewi Sartika widely known by the community as an educator, especially among perempuan.Dewi Sartika married in 1906, with Raden Kanduruan Agah Suriawinata who also work as educators, so they have a common vision meajukan education in their communities. After the Dutch military aggression in 1947, Dewi Sartika joined together to evacuate the fighters who continue to fight to defend freedom. When this refuge, Dewi Sartika are elderly and dies on 11 September 1947 in West Java Cinean. Tomb He then moved to London. 8. Biografi Ismail Marzuki Composer of the music maestro's legendary fighters and is awarded the title of national hero by the President, in a series of 10 November 2004 Heroes' Day at the State Palace. He was known as a fighter and nuanced character artist songwriter who can encourage the spirit of the struggle to defend freedom. Ismail Marzuki Kwitang birth village, Central Jakarta, in 1914 it created about 250 songs. His works to this day still often heard, among others Juwita Night, A pair of eye balls, Silk Scarves, Word Natural Heritage and Indonesia. In 1931, Maing-familiar greeting Ismail Marzuki, start creating the song "O Sarinah" which describes a condition of life of the oppressed nation. Songs of his creations include the Palm Island Flirt created in 1944, Autumn Flowers (1945), Halo-Halo Bandung (1946), Silk Scarves (1946), A pair of eye balls (1946), and Jasmine in the Boundary (1947). Pioneer composer who died May 25, 1958, this has given rise to the songs of heroism, that stirs the soul of nationalism. Maestro is the title music of legendary composer Indonesia fighters. Since the 1930s to the 1950s, he created about two hundred and fifty songs with various themes and genres of music are mesmerizing. Until now, the songs are still remembered for his work is timeless and continues to reverberate in the community. In the world of art music of Indonesia, the presence of this colored son of Batavia history and dynamics of the ebb and flow of the music of Indonesia. As a composer, he is known productive and good works that bear a high appreciation of the community. In music, he has the freedom of expression, free to move from one type of music to other musical genres. He also has the ability to capture the inspiration of his songs with various themes. Ismail Marzuki fascination on the sides of the romance of the struggle gave birth to the theme songs of love and struggle. Though his songs seem simple, his poems are very powerful, melodic, and have eternal value. His songs today are still alive and young and old preferred pair of eyes like balls, Silk Scarves, Jasmine at the Boundary, Aryati, Never Asked to Where I'm Going, Umbrella Fantasy, Word of Nature, Jono Lance Corporal, and Sergeant Mayorku. Awarded him the title of national hero along with five other nation's best sons, namely Maskoen Soemadiredja, Andi Mappanyukki, Raja Ali Haji, KH. Achmad Ri'fai, and Billy Mangkoepradja. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono conferred in the series Heroes Day 10 November, at the State Palace on Wednesday (10/11/2004). Ismail Marzuki was a great composer who until now may have no one to replace it. Therefore, it is worthy of respect given to him as a national hero. Ismail Marzuki's works are rich, both about the melody and lyrics. He was writing songs with a variety of colors, one keroncong, including South London at night time and the Young Heroes Welcome.